Browsing by Subject "Breast"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Breast Cancer Screening: Your Guide To Health
    (2010-07-22) Flaten, Dean B
    Mammography has consistently been proven to be an effective and safe method of screening women 50 and older for breast cancer. However, this study found that annual screening with mammography for women in their 40’s was not effective at reducing breast cancer mortality compared with women who undergo usual care with breast physical examination and breast self-examination. In general then, universal screening mammography for women in their 40’s should not be mandate, but rather an informed, personal decision between the physician and patient based on individual concerns, family history and acceptable risk/benefit profiles.
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    Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 Alters Obesity Associated Cancer Metabolism via Lipid Desaturation and Redox Signaling
    (2019-05) Wirth, Keith
    Background: An association of obesity with cancer incidence and worsened clinical outcomes has been established. Circulating and local levels of fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), a lipid chaperone and adipokine, have been correlated with degree of obesity and metabolic dysfunction, and more recently with breast and pancreas cancer prognosis. FABP4 transcriptional regulation has been linked to cellular redox status, with nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) being an upstream regulator of this balance. We hypothesized FABP4 modifies fatty acid saturation indices in cancer, driving an altered redox status, and ultimately inducing tumor proliferation. Methods: Panc1 pancreatic adenocarcinoma and MCF7 breast cancer cells were treated with recombinant FABP4, R126Q (FABP4 point mutant), and HTS01037 (FABP4 inhibitor.) Cell growth and proliferation was assessed. Targeted lipidomic analysis was performed in the same conditions. Whole cell reactive oxygen species (ROS) was quantified via Amplex Red assay. Nrf2 activity was quantified via antioxidant response element luciferase assay, and cell proliferation with chemical inhibitor (brusatol) was assessed. Untargeted gene expression profiles after FABP4 or HTS treatment were studied via RNA sequencing. C57BL/6J FABP4 knockout (AKO) and littermate wild type (WT) mice were injected with Pan02 and E0771 cells, murine pancreas and breast cancer cell lines. Tumor volume and progression was evaluated. Results: Panc1 and MCF7 cells treated with recombinant FABP4 demonstrated increased proliferation relative to control and point mutant protein treatment. This increase was abolished with HTS treatment. Unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio was decreased with FABP4 treatment and increased with HTS treatment. ROS levels were decreased and Nrf2 activity was concurrently increased with exposure to exogenous FABP4. Nrf2 gene expression profile was upregulated with FABP4 treatment, independent of ER stress. Tumor progression was significantly decreased in AKO mice. Conclusions: FABP4 induces a shift in the fatty acid saturation index of tumor cells, activating Nrf2 expression and decreasing intracellular ROS, independent of ER stress, allowing for aggressive tumor proliferation.
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    There’s a Lump in My Breast…Now What?
    (2009-05-01) Martin, Angela Beale
    When a patient finds a breast lump either accidentally or by breast self exam, there are many different imaging modalities and/or invasive procedures that may be done to determine if breast disease is present. This pamphlet describes many of the possible options a patient and physician may face to “work-up” a breast lump.