Browsing by Subject "Bell Labs -- Whippany, NJ"

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    Oral history interview with Carolyn S. Miller
    (Charles Babbage Institute, 2015-12-01) Miller, Carolyn S.
    Carolyn S. Miller graduated in 1968 with a degree in mathematics from the University of Kentucky, which had significant computing courses at the time. She took a job at Bell Laboratories military division in Whippany, New Jersey, working on the Safeguard Ballistic Missile Defense System while gaining a master’s degree from Stevens Institute of Technology. When Bell canceled the missile project, she moved with other Whippany staff to Bell Labs in Naperville, Illinois, to work on software for ESS (Electronic Switching System). The interview discusses affirmative action and the women’s movement. She left Bell in 1976 for General Electric and then North Carolina State, where she experienced significant gender differences in teaching introductory computer science. This material is based on work funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation award B2014-07 “Tripling Women’s Participation in Computing (1965-1985).”
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    Oral history interview with Fran H. Henig
    (Charles Babbage Institute, 2015-12-16) Henig, Fran H.
    Fran Henig graduated in 1964 from Wheaton College, an all-women school in Massachusetts, as a math major. She accepted a job with Bell Labs and began work at the Whippany NJ computer center, doing part time study for a master’s degree. With the advent of time-sharing, the computer center moved from IBM to GE/Honeywell machines to run MULTICS. Henig initially worked on adapting IBM programs and applications for the GE computers using FORTRAN, machine language, and SNOBOL. She emphasizes the importance of affirmative action for women at Bell Labs, including the women in the work environment workshops; and discusses strategies for making women’s voices heard in meetings. She accepted a technical supervisor position in 1971, then moved to a development division working on phone-system troubleshooting and became a department head. She shares observations about the organizational and cultural changes at AT&T in the 1980s. This material is based on work funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation award B2014-07 “Tripling Women’s Participation in Computing (1965-1985).”
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    Oral history interview with Jo Anne Miller
    (Charles Babbage Institute, 2016-01-04) Miller, Jo Anne
    Jo Anne Miller graduated in December 1967 with a degree in mathematics from the University of Michigan, where she had experience with computer programming. She took a job in Boston at GTE Sylvania working on military projects, then moved to St. Louis (when her husband was drafted) and ran a computer center at Parks College of St. Louis University, then did research at University of Colorado where she worked on a Master’s degree. She was recruited (a second time) by Bell Labs and began work at Bell Labs Naperville in March 1976, as a Member of Technical Staff working in software restructuring for electronic switching systems. She describes her experience with affirmative action, the women’s movement, and work culture and career expectations at Bell Labs. In 1978 she became a technical supervisor for 5ESS software development, relating short-term rotational experiences with installing 5ESS in California and in southern Illinois. She describes challenges advocating for part-time managerial positions, child care, and suggests there were changes in the support for affirmative action in the 1980s. Working for the Western Electric organization in the mid-1980s, she completed an executive MBA at the University of Chicago. After leaving Bell she became involved with MentorNet in 2003 and in investing in women-backed businesses. This material is based on work funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation award B2014-07 “Tripling Women’s Participation in Computing (1965-1985).”