Browsing by Author "Trudeau, Michaela"
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Item Episode 6: Investigating Development of Swine Enteroids to be Used as a Swine Nutrition Research Tool(2018-05-21) Boelke, Sarah Schieck; Trudeau, MichaelaSarah Schieck, UMN Swine Extension Educator talks to University of Minnesota Swine Nutrition PhD student, Michaela (Mickie) Trudeau about research she presented at the 2018 Midwest American Society of Animal Science meetings on investigating the development of swine enteroids to be used as a swine nutrition tool. Mickie helps listeners understand the connection between the lab work she is doing and how it can be used by pig farmers and others in the pork industry.Item A Microbiome and Metabolome Analysis of Antibiotic Growth Promotors nd Antibiotic Alternatives Fed To Swine(2021-12) Trudeau, MichaelaThe mechanisms of action for antibiotic growth promotion are poorly understood, making it difficult to select effective alternatives capable of providing similar responses. The objective of this thesis was to identify mechanism of action when feeding growth promoting levels of antibiotics and antibiotic alternatives. The first trial identified tylosin- responsive metabolites in growing pigs. This experiment identified that feeding tylosin increased the concentration of the secondary bile acids hyodeoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid and multiple bacteria in the Clostridia family. These findings suggest the mechanism of growth promotion involves an alteration in bile acid metabolism. The second experiment evaluated the growth performance, metabolic responses, and changes in intestinal microbiome composition of nursery pigs fed a variety of feed additives and antibiotic controls. Only the antibiotic group had improved growth performance over the negative control. Although none of the feed additives tested had an effect on alpha or beta microbiome diversity, supplementing multiple herbal blends increased the relative abundance of cecal bacteria in the genus Lactobacillus. In addition, the effect of experiment location had a greater influence on the microbiome than the effect of dietary treatment. Overall, these experiments identified that antibiotic growth promotion could use a mechanism involving bile acid metabolism, but this was not consistent when a different antibiotic was used. In addition, the proposed antibiotic alternatives had a minimal impact on animal growth, microbiome, and metabolism, but experiment location significantly impacted these parameters and this effect should be further evaluated.Item Persistence of Porcine Coronaviruses in Feed and Feed Ingredients(2016-10) Trudeau, MichaelaPorcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV), Porcine Delta Corona Virus (PDCoV), and Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV) are threats to commercial swine farms and contaminated feed is a risk factor in transmission. The objective of this thesis was to compare the inactivation kinetics of these coronaviruses among feed ingredients, after feed treatments, and on different surfaces. For the feed experiments, ingredients were weighed into containers, inoculated with virus, and exposed to room temperature, 60-90°C, 120-145°C, irradiation treatments, or feed additives. We also determined survival of coronaviruses on surfaces. After each treatment, virus concentration was calculated. The Weibull predictive model was used to characterize inactivation kinetics. Overall, the viruses survived longer in soybean meal than other ingredients. The feed processing treatments varied in their effectiveness, but all provided some virus inactivation. There was no difference in survival among surfaces. In conclusion, this information is useful for improving feed safety to minimize coronavirus transmission.