Browsing by Author "Schultz, Jennifer"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A Comparative Study of Moroccan and American National Healthcare Expenditures in Relation to Population Health Outcomes
    (2017) Albrecht, Kaitlin; Dauner, Kim; Schultz, Jennifer
    This paper examines the relationship between national healthcare spending and select health outcomes in Morocco using data collected from 1995 to 2015. The data used was gathered from international organizations, including the World Health Organization and the World Bank, as well as from Moroccan Ministry of Health reports. The objective was to determine whether the country’s healthcare expenditures had a significant impact on the improvement of key population health outcomes. This study uses infant, child, and maternal mortality rate as measures of health outcomes. Additionally, the study uses data collected from the previously mentioned sources to evaluate the percentage change from year to year for Morocco’s healthcare expenditure per capita, as well as the selected health outcomes. These results were then cross analyzed to determine whether or not there was a correlation that was statistically significant. The results indicate that there is a significant negative correlation between the national health expenditure per capita and health outcomes in Morocco. To provide further context, and improve the application of my findings, the same methodology was used to examine the United States of America.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Evaluation of Community Benefits Provided by Minnesota Non-Profit Hospitals
    (2020-12) Libal, Robert; Schultz, Jennifer
    This research compares community benefits and tax exemptions for hospitals in Minnesota. Primary spending categories are evaluated over the last 6 years. To evaluate hospitals equitably, we exempted critical access hospitals that have low operating incomes. We found the community benefit expense reported on the 990s and compared it to an estimated tax exemption to evaluate the implications of the tax exclusion. In addition, changes in expense classifications were analyzed. In the 38 hospitals studied, 25 had at least one file year where the estimated tax exemption was more than the community benefit expense. Additionally, over 6 years, Medicaid underpayments were the leading expense category in the community benefit calculation, comprising at least 40% of total reported benefit expenses each year.