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Browsing by Author "Porter, Samantha T"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    Gigapixel macro photography of tree rings
    (2021-04-16) Griffin, Daniel; Porter, Samantha T; Trumper, Matthew L; Carlson, Kate E; Crawford, Daniel J; Schwalen, Daniel; McFadden, Colin H; griffin9@umn.edu; Griffin, Daniel; University of Minnesota Griffin Research Lab; University of Minnesota Advanced Imaging Service for Objects and Spaces
    High quality specimen digitization is becoming standard across the sciences, is relevant for curation of natural history collections, and must become a priority for dendrochronology. Here, ultra-high resolution images of tree-ring specimens are presented. Our gigapixel images of polished specimens have proven effective for digital analyses, archiving, and education, and we believe macro photography may prove a lower cost and more broadly accessible digitization alternative to microtomy and X-rays. We advocate for gigapixel macro photography as one accessible and adaptable paradigm to elevate reflected light imaging standards in dendrochronology.
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    Lithic Collection from the Early Upper Paleolithic Site of Tvarožná X, Czech Republic
    (2019-04-08) Tostevin, Gilbert; Škrdla, Petr; Monnier, Gilliane; Golubiewski-Davis, Kristina; Porter, Samantha T; toste003@umn.edu; Tostevin, Gilbert; Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota
    This dataset is composed of the artifact inventory data and 3D models of the lithic artifact collection from the Early Upper Paleolithic open-air site of Tvarožná-Za školou, also known as Tvarožná X, at roughly 49°11’22.0”N by 16°46’19.6”E, near the modern city of Brno in the Czech Republic. The 3D models represent all of the retouched tools, complete flakes, and cores recovered during the 2008 and 2015 excavation seasons conducted by Dr. Gilbert Tostevin and Dr. Gilliane Monnier of the Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, in collaboration with Dr. Petr Škrdla of the Institute of Archaeology, Czech Academy of Science, Brno, Czech Republic. The lithic technology of this assemblage reflects a Bohunician core technology with a large diversity of raw material types, relative to other assemblages attributed to that Early Upper Paleolithic industrial type. The 3D collection is composed of 187 models out of the 645 artifacts (over 2.0 cm in maximal dimension) recovered from the piece-plotting and wet-sieving (through 3x3mm mesh) of the 39.75 square meter excavated portion of this site.
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    A Lithic-Behavioral Investigation of Cultural Transmission Across the Middle to Upper Paleolithic Transition in Western Europe
    (2019-12) Porter, Samantha T
    Neanderthals are one of our closest evolutionary relatives. Molecular anthropology has shown that our species intermixed genetically, but the extent to which we interacted socially and exchanged technological information is still hotly debated, especially in the period approximately 40,000 years ago in Western Europe just prior to the Neanderthals’ extinction. This dissertation addresses elements of this question through a mixture of methodologies. This work is presented in the form of three papers. Paper 1 presents an inexpensive photography rig designed to create 3D artifact models using photogrammetry, also known as structure from motion. The second paper uses 3D models of cores generated with the system described in Paper 1 to compare Châtelperronian and Protoaurignacian lithic technology, which are associated with Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans respectively. The final paper presents an attribute-based analysis of artifacts from five assemblages from four sites linked to three technocomplexes spanning the so-called Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition. This analysis applies the middle range theory of the Behavioral Approach to Cultural Transmission to both test the hypothesis that there was cultural transmission between Neanderthal and anatomically modern human groups and infer the degree of social intimacy that is most likely to have existed between them.
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    A Portable, Low-Cost, Open-Design Rig for Reflectance Transformation Imaging
    (2016-08-02) Porter, Samantha T; port0228@umn.edu; Porter, Samantha T
    This simple and inexpensive rig is designed to assist researchers in capturing photographs for reflectance transformation imaging (RTI). It consists of 3D printed and laser cut parts, along with relatively easy to acquire hardware components. This project was presented as a poster at the 2016 meeting of the European Society for the Study of Human Evolution (ESHE) in Madrid, Spain, and can be cited separately as: "Porter, Samantha T. (2016, September). A Portable, Low-Cost, Open-Design Rig for Reflectance Transformation Imaging. Poster presented at the meeting of the European Society for the Study of Human Evolution, Madrid, Spain. Retrieved from the Data Repository for the University of Minnesota, http://doi.org/10.13020/D66C7Q"
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    A Simple Photogrammetry Rig for the Reliable Creation of 3D Artifact Models in the Field: Lithic Examples from the Early Upper Paleolithic Sequence of Les Cottés (France)
    (2015-06-01) Porter, Samantha T; Roussel, Morgan; Soressi, Marie; port0228@umn.edu; Porter, Samantha T
    3D scanning is becoming an increasingly utilized tool in archaeology. In comparison with other methods of 3D registration close-range photogrammetry has the benefits of being relatively inexpensive, mobile, and extremely adaptable for use in field conditions. Here, 3D models of lithic cores from the Châtelperronian, Protoaurignacian, and Early Aurignacian levels of the site of Les Cottés (France) are presented as examples of the quality of model that can be produced using photographs taken with a simple and inexpensive photogrammetry rig.
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    Three Dimensional Models and Two Dimensional Cross Sections of Châtelperronian and Protoaurignacian Lithic Cores from the Sites of Les Cottés and Roc de Combe
    (2018-05-29) Porter, Samantha T; Roussel, Morgan; Soressi, Marie; stporter@umn.edu; Porter, Samantha T
    These data were generated as part of a study investigating the use of quantitative methods on three dimensional models of lithic artifacts. The majority of the data set is comprised of 3D scans of Châtelperronian and Protoaurignacian cores from the site of Les Cottés (France), which were generated using photogrammetry. Although cores from the site of Roc de Combe were also scanned for the associated study, we are not able to make them available here due to rights restrictions. The second part of the data set includes two dimensional representations of cross sections, which were from the 3D artifact models. These were used in two analyses, which are described in the associated publication in JCAA (see citation below).
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    Three-Dimensional Models of Experimentally-Produced Lithic Artifacts Created using Expedient and Refined Photogrammetry Protocols
    (2016-05-16) Magnani, Matthew; Douglass, Matthew; Porter, Samantha T; port0228@umn.edu; Porter, Samantha T
    The data set consists of three-dimensional (3D) models of experimentally produced lithic artifacts created using both expedient and refined photogrammetric setups and processing protocols. Source images for all models were captured using a 12.1 megapixel Canon PowerShot SX260 HS compact digital camera. In our expedient protocol, objects were placed on a wire stand. The photographer moved around the object, and captured photos using Auto mode. In our refined protocol, objects were placed on a rotating turntable under controlled lighting conditions. The camera was placed on a tripod. Shutter speed, f-stop, and ISO were set manually. This refined protocol is described in Porter, S. T., Roussel, M., & Soressi, M. (2016). A Simple Photogrammetry Rig for the Reliable Creation of 3D Artifact Models in the Field Lithic Examples from the Early Upper Paleolithic Sequence of Les Cottés (France). Advances in Archaeological Practice, 4(1), 71-86. The associated paper discusses the relative fidelity of the models produced using these different workflows. Models may also be viewed online (in browser) at: https://sketchfab.com/unlarchaeology/collections/magnani-et-al-2016.
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    Two- and Three-Dimensional Representations of Thomas Bewick Woodblocks
    (2019-04-03) Hancher, Michael; Luce, Donald T; McFadden, Colin; Porter, Samantha T; stporter@umn.edu; mh@umn.edu; Porter, Samantha T; Hancher, Michael; Department of English, University of Minnesota
    The Bell Museum at the University of Minnesota owns fouteen wood blocks that were engraved in the workshop of Thomas Bewick to illustrate his History of British Birds, 2 vols. (Newcastle, 1797, 1804), as well as a block for a tail piece printed in The Fables of Aesop (Newcastle, 1818). This data set includes representations of these blocks captured using four digitization methods. 3D models were produced using structured light scanning and photogrammetry. Next, we used reflectance transformation imaging (RTI) to create interactive visualizations of the blocks' surfaces under variable lighting conditions. Finally, a high resolution two-dimensional image was generated for each block using a GIGAmacro device.