Browsing by Author "Mazack, Jane"
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Item City of Minnetonka Watershed Analysis(Resilient Communities Project, University of Minnesota, 2012) Alapati, Gayatri; Baldwin, Patrick; Bogg, Karen; Dunsmoor, Josh; Kaczmarek, Hagen; Kalinosky, Paula; Liddle, Patrick; Mazack, Jane; Niebuhr, Spencer; Taraldsen, Matt; Winzenburg, Lucas; Wynia, MollyThis project was completed as part of the 2012-2013 Resilient Communities Project (rcp.umn.edu) partnership with the City of Minnetonka. To identify strategies for improving water quality in Minnetonka lakes, the City needed more reliable information about the sources and amounts of potential biological and chloride contamination in the watersheds, as well as the avenues of transit for these contaminants from upland areas to the city's water bodies. Minnetonka project lead and water resources engineer Liz Stout worked with a team of students in 5295 to design a methodology for determining biomass loads within an identifiable tree canopy, and create a geodatabase of transit and flow properties within Minnetonka’s infrastructure. The students' final report and presentation are available.Item Winter invertebrate dynamics in groundwater-fed streams in southeastern Minnesota, USA(2018-01) Mazack, JaneSoutheastern Minnesota is characterized by Karst geology and trout streams. These groundwater-fed streams remain cool in summer and ice-free in winter, providing ideal habitat for trout and cold-adapted insects. Previous studies of winter-active insects have been localized or laboratory-based; however, the broader winter invertebrate community and its relationships to groundwater input are not well established. The goals of this research were to (1) assess the emergence patterns of winter-active chironomids (Diptera); (2) evaluate the effect of groundwater on the voltinism of the chironomid species Diamesa mendotae Muttkowski; (3) assess overall winter invertebrate community composition and abundance; and (4) describe the winter benthic chironomid community. Invertebrates were collected from 36 groundwater-fed streams over three winters (2010 - 2013). Surface-floating pupal exuviae (SFPE) collections were used to study the emergence patterns of cold-adapted chironomids, and Hess samples were used to evaluate winter benthic invertebrate composition and abundance. A total of 14 chironomid genera emerged from December through February; an additional 16 genera emerged in March. D. mendotae was the most commonly encountered and abundant winter-emerging chironomid, and emerged throughout the winter. Analysis of stream thermal regime indicated that D. mendotae complete multiple generations in a single winter in most streams. Benthic invertebrate communities were dominated by few taxa, with three chironomid genera (Diamesa, Orthocladius (Orthocladius), and Pagastia), two mayfly genera (Baetis and Ephemerella) and one caddisfly genus (Hydropsyche) comprising over 60% of individuals collected. Overall abundance was highest in thermally stable streams. Chironomids were abundant and diverse, with the winter-active species Diamesa mendotae dominating the community. We conclude that groundwater-fed streams (sensu Krider et al. 2013) in southeastern Minnesota support large, winter-active invertebrate communities, which are ecologically important to brown trout.