Mechanistic links between physiology and spectral reflectance enable pre-visual detection of oak wilt and drought stress
2024-02
Loading...
Persistent link to this item
Statistics
View StatisticsJournal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Title
Mechanistic links between physiology and spectral reflectance enable pre-visual detection of oak wilt and drought stress
Published Date
2024-02
Publisher
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Type
Article
Abstract
Tree mortality due to global change—including range expansion of invasive pests and pathogens—is a paramount threat to forest ecosystems. Oak forests are among the most prevalent and valuable ecosystems both ecologically and economically in the United States. There is increasing interest in monitoring oak decline and death due to both drought and the oak wilt pathogen (Bretziella fagacearum). We combined anatomical and ecophysiological measurements with spectroscopy at leaf, canopy, and airborne levels to enable differentiation of oak wilt and drought, and detection prior to visible symptom appearance. We performed an outdoor potted experiment with Quercus rubra saplings subjected to drought stress and/or artificially inoculated with the pathogen. Models developed from spectral reflectance accurately predicted ecophysiological indicators of oak wilt and drought decline in both potted and field experiments with naturally grown saplings. Both oak wilt and drought resulted in blocked water transport through xylem conduits. However, oak wilt impaired conduits in localized regions of the xylem due to formation of tyloses instead of emboli. The localized tylose formation resulted in more variable canopy photosynthesis and water content in diseased trees than drought-stressed ones. Reflectance signatures of plant photosynthesis, water content and cellular damage detected oak wilt and drought 13 days before visual symptoms appeared. Our results show that leaf spectral reflectance models predict ecophysiological processes relevant to detection and differentiation of disease and drought. Coupling spectral models that detect physiological change with spatial information enhances capacity to differentiate plant stress types such as oak wilt and drought.
Description
This listing includes the accepted manuscript and license type. For the published version of this work, visit https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2316164121.
Related to
Replaces
License
Collections
Series/Report Number
Funding information
This project was funded by the Minnesota Invasive Terrestrial Plants and Pests Center, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Biodiversity program (Award number: 80NSSC21K1349), the National Science Foundation (NSF) ASCEND Biology Integration Institute (DBI: 2021898), and the Cedar Creek Long Term Ecological Research program (DEB:1831944).
Isbn identifier
Doi identifier
10.1073/pnas.2316164121
Previously Published Citation
Sapes, G., Schroeder, L., Scott, A., Clark, I., Juzwik, J., Montgomery, R. A., Guzmán Q, J. A., & Cavender-Bares, J. (2024). Mechanistic links between physiology and spectral reflectance enable previsual detection of oak wilt and drought stress. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 121(7), e2316164121. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2316164121
Suggested citation
Sapes, Gerard; Schroeder, Lucy; Scott, Allison; Clark, Isaiah; Juzwik, Jennifer; Montgomery, Rebecca; Guzmán Q., J. Antonio; Cavender-Bares, Jeannine. (2024). Mechanistic links between physiology and spectral reflectance enable pre-visual detection of oak wilt and drought stress. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, 10.1073/pnas.2316164121.
Content distributed via the University Digital Conservancy may be subject to additional license and use restrictions applied by the depositor. By using these files, users agree to the Terms of Use. Materials in the UDC may contain content that is disturbing and/or harmful. For more information, please see our statement on harmful content in digital repositories.