Farrell, Thomas2019-08-262019-08-262019-08This version was not previously published.https://hdl.handle.net/11299/206477See the abstract above.In this 6,200-word review essay, I discuss the work of the American Jesuit Renaissance specialist and cultural historian Walter J. Ong (1912-2003; Ph.D. in English, Harvard University, 1955) and the work of the American Jesuit Renaissance specialist and church historian John W. O'Malley (born in 1927; Ph.D. in history, Harvard University, 1966), with passing discussion of the Canadian Renaissance specialist and cultural historian Marshall McLuhan (1911-1980) and the Canadian Jesuit philosopher and theologian Bernard Lonergan (1904-1984). O'Malley's 2019 book is titled When Bishops Meet: An Essay Comparing Trent, Vatican I, and Vatican II. But I also discuss, in passing, O'Malley's 2013 book on the Council of Trent (1545-1563), his 2018 book on Vatican I (1869-1870), and his 2008 book on Vatican II (1962-1965). I highlight O'Malley's use of R. G. Collingwood's terminology about "substantialism" -- which O'Malley says characterized past thinking about the church, but not the thinking of Vatican II about the church.enWalter J. Ong, John W. O'Malley, R. G. Colingwood, Marshall McLuhan, Bernard Lonergan, Council of Trent, First Vatican Council Vatican I, Second Vatican Council, Vatican IIScholarly Text or Essay