Taylor, Jennifer2018-01-102018-01-102015-10https://hdl.handle.net/11299/192685University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. October 2015. Major: Biomedical Engineering. Advisor: Wei Chen. 1 computer file (PDF); ix, 139 pages.The study of spontaneous and highly variable brain activity, or task-evoked activity and its quantitative relationship with neuroimaging signals, is severely restricted by the lack of techniques to investigate multiple measures of brain activity simultaneously. In order to study the coupling and interactions between metabolic, hemodynamic, and neuronal activity, we here develop the technology to acquire in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy (MRS) simultaneously from two or more nuclei, as well as develop MR-compatible electrodes for neuronal recording in the MR scanner with minimal susceptibility artifacts. We apply these techniques to investigate metabolic trends resulting from a whole brain occlusion in the rat and to study neuronal, hemodynamic, and network responses to changes in anesthesia depth. Lastly, we show the first steps in developing an MR-compatible optrode to allow simultaneous MR imaging (MRI), neuronal recording, and optogenetic stimulation. With these new techniques, a wide field of studies becomes feasible to investigate direct neuronal, metabolic, and hemodynamic correlations under resting and working conditions to advance our understanding of brain function and dysfunction.enBrain energyElectrophysiologyMRIMR SpectroscopyOcclusionSimultaneous recordingThesis or Dissertation