Crépon, Pascale2009-03-242009-03-242009-02https://hdl.handle.net/11299/48536University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. February 2009. Major: French. Advisor: Maria M. Brewer. 1 computer file (PDF); v, 271 pages + 1 supplemental file (English title page)In my thesis, I examine the role and interrelation of the body and language in modern cultures and study the often problematic interaction between the individual and the collective. I use various interdisciplinary approaches such as Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis, anthropology and phenomenology of theatre to discuss the challenges of constructing identity while facing dehumanizing elements of our everyday life. I define theatre as a paradigm of analysis of human interactions and thus a process of humanization. Theatre acts to negotiate between language and body, while addressing and confronting the self in its inscription within language, culture, and environment. I first study the mirror effect in psychoanalysis as well as in cinema and theatre in order to define the human subject as a spectactor. I then study the problematic of violence as a revealing tool for defining identity using the work of the French playwright Bernard-Marie Koltès. I continue with a discussion of identity as a fluctuating concept and question the role of psychological and physical violence in the construction of identities with the work of the francophone playwright Marie N'diaye. My dissertation moves toward a new discourse on the relationship between identity and violence, by articulating that the necessary condition for cognition is embodiment. In doing so, I situate my research between the phenomenology of the subject and that of theatre, which reaffirm together the place and responsibility of the self in relation to himself/herself and to the others.frAnthropologyDehumanizationFrenchHumanizationPhenomenologyTheatreFrenchThesis or Dissertation