Levinson, David MZhang, Lei2016-04-292016-04-292001Levinson, David and Lei Zhang (2001) Travel Time Variability After A Shock: The Case Of The Twin Cities Ramp Meter Shut Off. in The Network Reliability of Transport (ed. Yasunori Iida and Michael Bell) Pergamon.https://hdl.handle.net/11299/179874Ramp meters in the Twin Cities were turned off for 8 weeks in the Fall of 2000. This paper analyzes traffic data collected in this experiment on travel time variability with and without ramp metering for several representative freeways during the afternoon peak period. Travel time variability is generally reduced with metering. However, it is found that ramp meters are particularly helpful for long trips relative to short trips. The annual benefits from reducing travel time variability with meters are estimated to be $33.1 million, compared to the annual ramp metering costs of $2.6 million in the Twin Cities metro area. Thus, the impact on travel time variability should be captured in future ramp metering benefit/cost analysis.enFreeway operationsramp meterstravel time variabilitytravel time reliabilityArticle