Rajoria, Bhumika2023-11-282023-11-282023-07https://hdl.handle.net/11299/258602University of Minnesota M.S. thesis. July 2023. Major: Pharmacology. Advisor: Douglas Yee. 1 computer file (PDF); vi, 28 pages.The Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) system in breast cancer progression has been a matter of interest for decades, but targeting this system did not result in a successful clinical strategy. The system’s complexity, and homology of its two receptors - insulin receptor (IR) and type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) are possible causes. The IGF system maintains cell proliferation and regulates metabolism, making it a pathway to explore. To understand the metabolic phenotype of breast cancer cells, we quantified their real-time ATP production rate upon acute stimulation with ligands – insulin-like growth factor 1 (1GF-1) and insulin. MCF-7L cells express both IGF-1R and IR, while tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7L (MCF-7L TamR) cells have downregulated IGF-1R with unchanged IR levels. Treating MCF-7L cells with 5nM IGF-1 increased the glycolytic ATP production rate while 10nM insulin did not affect metabolism when compared with control. Neither treatment altered ATP production in MCF-7L TamR cells. The study provides evidence of the relationship between metabolic dysfunction, cancer, and the IGF axis. In these cells, IGF-1R, and not IR, regulates ATP production.enBreast cancerInsulinInsulin receptorMetabolic dysregulationType-1 insulin like growth factorType-1 insulin like growth factor receptorThesis or Dissertation