De Gruijter, Dato N. M.2011-03-282011-03-281984de Gruijter, Dato N. (1984). Two simple models for rater effects. Applied Psychological Measurement, 8, 213-218. doi:10.1177/014662168400800210doi:10.1177/014662168400800210https://hdl.handle.net/11299/101906In many examinations, essays of different examinees are rated by different rater pairs. This paper discusses the estimation of rater effects for rating designs in which rater pairs overlap in a special way. Two models for rater effects are considered: the additive model and a nonlinear model. An illustration with empirical data is provided.enArticle