Pham, Michael2024-01-052024-01-052021-08https://hdl.handle.net/11299/259584University of Minnesota M.S. thesis. August 2021. Major: Dentistry. Advisors: William Noblett, Ronald Ordinola-Zapata. 1 computer file (PDF); vii, 74 pages.PURPOSE: To determine the cytotoxic effects, microhardness, and solubility of Endosequence BC Sealer, BioRoot RCS, NeoSEALER Flo, and BIO-C SEALER. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nuclei counting assay and MTT assay were used to determine the cytotoxicity of the sealers at dilutions of 1:1, 1:4, and 1:32 and at 24 hours, 72 hours, and 1 week. Vickers microhardness was determined using a micro indenter. Solubility was tested after immersion in deionized distilled water for 24 hours. 3-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test were used to analyze cell viability. 1-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test were used to analyze microhardness. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s multiple comparison test were used to analyze solubility. RESULTS: BC Sealer had the highest mean cell viability of 87%, which was significantly higher than NeoSEALER Flo and BIO-C sealer when determined by nuclei counting. The NeoSEALER Flo group had a cell viability mean of 82%, which was significantly higher than all other groups when determined by MTT assay. AH Plus and BioRoot RCS had the highest microhardness of the calcium silicate sealers with a value of 10.41 HV. There was no statisticially significant difference in solubility between the tested calcium silicate sealer groups. CONCLUSION: BC Sealer, BioRoot RCS, and BIO-C exhibited the least cytotoxic effects when measured via nuclei counting followed by NeoSEALER Flo and AH Plus. NeoSEALER Flo exhibited the least cytotoxic effects when measured via MTT assay followed by BIO-C, BC Sealer, BioRoot RCS, then AH Plus. AH Plus exhibited the highest Vickers microhardness with no statistically significant difference from BioRoot RCS. The tested calcium silicate sealers are more soluble than AH Plus.enThesis or Dissertation