Acoustical conditioning of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) as a potential management tool

Abstract

Classical acoustic conditioning was investigated with the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to determine its potential as a management tool. In small laboratory tanks (≤ 1000 L), groups of five juvenile carp were trained to associate a 400 Hz pure tone stimulus with a food reward. Following three days of training, the majority of fish showed a consistent and rapid (< 30 sec) ability to localize the sound source and receive the subsequent food reward. Six of the nine groups tested showed retention of the conditioned behavior for up to 5 months. Trials were then conducted in a 24,000 L outdoor pool to mimic more natural conditions. Carp again displayed relatively short learning curves and high accuracy (84.4%) in localizing the sound source. These findings indicate that carp are readily conditioned to an acoustic signal and are able to retain this behavior for months, suggesting that acoustical conditioning may be used as a management strategy in which the movement of wild carp can be manipulated for trapping and removal within a lake system.