Browsing by Subject "young adulthood"
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Item Biological correlates of suicide attempt during adolescence and young adulthood: integration of findings across multi-modal measures.(2021) Mirza, Salahudeen; Klimes-Dougan, BonnieThe biological correlates of suicide attempt are poorly understood in young people. Here we undertook a narrative review of the literature across biological units of analysis (brain structure and function, serum biomarkers, molecular biology) to summarize the markers associated with suicide attempt in samples of average age under 24. We suggest overall patterns in emotion, cognitive control, and social support, which emerge from alterations at each level.Item The role of perceived relative timing of puberty and psychosocial maturation on the well-being of Asian American young adults(2024) Min, ClaireThe physical changes that accompany puberty and the psychosocial development that occurs during adolescence are both important aspects of maturation. Empirical evidence suggests that these experiences, including peer comparisons, can affect the well-being of individuals into young adulthood. This dissertation examined how the experience of perceived relative pubertal and psychosocial maturation is related to individuals’ young adult experiences, with a particular focus on Asian American females. Study 1 investigated how the perceived relative timing of puberty and psychosocial maturation were related to internalizing symptoms in young adulthood. Data was gathered from 2,286 participants (78.1% female) between the ages of 18 to 25 from all four major racial groups about the perceived relative timing of puberty and psychosocial maturity and internalizing symptoms. Perceived relative timing of psychosocial maturity had a significant association with internalizing symptoms, with the early-maturing group reporting lower internalizing symptoms compared to their on-time and late-maturing peers. For the Asian American/Asian sample only, there were no significant differences across perceived relative pubertal timing groups on internalizing symptoms, but there were nuanced differences in results by domain of psychosocial maturity. Study 2 was an exploratory qualitative study focused on Asian American women, given the lack of existing research on the experiences of Asian American women experiencing puberty and the need for more nuanced knowledge of Asian American experiences to understand the results of Study 1. Twenty Asian American cisgender women between the ages of 18 to 25 completed qualitative interviews about their maturation experiences in adolescence, their perceived relative timing of maturation, and their current well-being and functioning. Five themes were identified: (1) Comparison and Camaraderie with Peers, (2) Provisions by Parents, (3) Adversity Demands Development, (4) Cultural Narratives in Maturation Experiences, and (5) Maturation as an Identity. These themes highlight the unique experiences that Asian American women go through in their maturation experiences and how these experiences may contribute to a mixed picture of how the perceived timing of maturation relates to well-being and mental health in young adulthood. Overall, these findings provide increased knowledge about the role of perceived relative timing in maturation especially in Asian American women. Continued research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and to examine these associations in understudied and marginalized populations where contextual factors may affect these developmental processes (e.g., Asian American males, multiracial individuals, transgender individuals).Item Youth Survival Expectations: Disadvantaged Contexts and Forecasts for Future Health(2017-12) Duke, NaomiIn national studies, some youth report they do not think they will live into adulthood. Belief in risk for early death is more prevalent among youth of color and youth living in poverty, and may become a self-fulfilling prophecy as youth give up on self-care and future life investment. The purpose of this dissertation is two-fold, (1) to gain additional insight into the relationship between socio-developmental context and stability and change in youth survival perceptions, and (2) to describe the relationship between youth survival perceptions over time and health in adulthood. Data are from Waves I-IV of the in-home interviews from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. The study sample included 10,120 respondents participating in all four waves (ages 11-34 years). Multinomial logistic regression models are used to examine relationships between youth socio-developmental context, including measures of resource access, experiences of adversity, and perceptions of safety, and survival perceptions during adolescence and the period of transition to young adulthood. Linear regression models are used to determine the predictive ability of perceived survival over time on adult health outcomes, including self-rated health, diagnostic profiles, and an allostatic load index. Findings reveal significant relationships between multiple aspects of youth socio-developmental context and survival perceptions. Findings also reveal significant relationships between youth survival perceptions and adult health, even with adjustment for measures of social class origin, social location, and antecedent health. Examination of youth survival perceptions may represent a unique mechanism in which to study enduring impacts of social context on youth agency, as well as a mechanism to address health disparities by establishing a link between survival perceptions and long-term health outcomes.