Browsing by Subject "tolerance"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Behavioral defenses of honey bees against Varroa jacobsoni Oud.
    (1999) Boecking, Otto; Spivak, Marla
    Two behaviors of honey bees, hygienic behavior and grooming, are mechanisms of defense against brood diseases and parasitic mites. Studies have shown that Apis mellifera colonies remove worker brood infested with Varroa jacobsoni mites from the nest (hygienic behavior), and groom the mites off other adult bees, but to a limited extent compared to the original host of V. jacobsoni, A. cerana. Research is reviewed on hygienic and grooming behaviors with respect to their potential as mechanisms of resistance to V. jacobsoni. Studies related to hygienic behavior include the removal of experimentally infested and naturally infested brood, measurements of heritability, the uncapping and recapping of cells containing infested pupae, and the detection of infested brood. Studies on grooming include the process by which a groomer detects and damages a mite found on itself or on another adult bee, how the behavior is quantified, and problems with these methods of quantification. Finally, unresolved questions concerning grooming and the effects of hygienic and non-hygienic behaviors on limiting the population growth of V. jacobsoni are discussed.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Political Tolerance and Ideology: Ideology as a Determinant of Political Tolerance
    (2021-05) Skroch, Tiffani A
    This study examines whether or not political ideology is a strong determinant of political tolerance, as has been found in previous studies. Participants of this study (N = 258) were asked to complete a survey asking questions that would indicate their level of tolerance. Respondents identified their least-liked group in the beginning of the survey and answered questions about procedural rights in the context of that group. The results showed that respondents in this study had generally low levels of tolerance. When compared across political ideology, there is not a significant difference in the tolerance levels between those who identified themselves as conservatives, independents/moderates, and liberals. Furthermore, political ideology is not found to be a significant determinant in level of political tolerance.