Browsing by Subject "Population"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Assessing the impacts of Light Rail Transit on urban land in Manila
    (Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2010) Pacheco-Raguz, Javier
    This paper presents an assessment of impacts of Light Rail Transit Line 1 (LRT1) in terms of accessibility and distance as they relate to variables such as land values, land uses, and population densities in Manila, Philippines. Using correlations and regressions, these variables are analyzed against an accessibility index and network distances obtained from a model built within a Geographic Information System (GIS). Land values, land uses, and population densities are influenced in a limited, though consistent, way by the accessibility provided by LRT1 and the distance to it. The analysis of impacts after the construction of LRT1 found that accessibility and distance were only consistent influences for residential land values, with marginal results for the rest of the variables. These results, when contrasted with the urban configuration of Manila and the studies reviewed, show that the limited impacts may be a consequence of good accessibility before LRT1 and the lack of complementary planning and policies for taking advantage of its influence.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Carver County Baby Boomer Readiness Assessment Tools
    (Minneapolis: Center for Urban and Regional Affairs, 2009) Guthrie, Andrew; Cedarleaf Dahl, Erik
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Modernity, Gender And “Missing” Women: A Holistic Examination Of Development And Son Preference Connections
    (2018-07) Svec, Joseph
    Asia’s “missing” women, estimated to over 100 million, is a demographic manifestation of economic and cultural forces that collide in urban and industrial development transitions. National modernization or economic development is thought to undermine the social premise of pre-natal sex selection as urban and industrial development transforms rigid patriarchal family structures toward more gender egalitarian systems. Yet, the ratio of boys to girls born has experienced increasing skews in many contexts that undergo such modern development transitions. Thus, the dynamics of social normative change in a context of economic development transitions remains relatively ambiguous. In this research, I problematize key assumptions in modernization theory by distinguishing economic and gender normative contexts as overlapping but unique systems. I first conduct a time-series regression analysis of sex ratio skews for 170 countries from 1970 to 2012. This global analysis examines the extent to which national socioeconomic contexts and ties to global discourses on population and development correspond with sex ratio dynamics. I find that economic factors are mostly unrelated with sex ratio dynamics and contrary to expectations, increasing global ties are positively related with sex ratio skews. While the global-historical analysis shows little support for modernization hypotheses, economic structural associations with sex selective behaviors may be obscured by the nuanced dynamics of economic change and gender normative change. Thus, the second study employs a multilevel logistic regression of sex selective fertility behaviors nested within economic and gender-based violence contexts. Using six Demographic and Health Surveys in the Balkan and south Caucasus regions, I specifically link son preference behaviors with intimate partner violence based on the theoretical parallels between son preference foundations and justifications for wife-beating. I find that son preference fertility behavior is positively linked with increased normalization of wife-beating but negatively related with higher levels of women’s labor force participation. The third and final empirical study uses household data from the China Family Panel Studies to assess the connection between modernization and son preference attitudes for individuals. Using an ordinal logistic regression model for a self-reported importance of carrying the family name, I observe stronger support for modernization hypotheses, particularly that support for patrilineal traditions is lower when women have higher levels of education. Overall, the multidimensional approach in this dissertation highlights some of the tensions in the modernity and missing women phenomenon. Mainly, I observe that sex ratio and son preference dynamics are sensitive to the level of analysis. This indicates that individual attitudes and behaviors that contribute to sex ratio skews are a multidimensional phenomenon that is a function of individuals, contexts and institutions.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Momentum - Summer 2010
    (2010) University of Minnesota: Institute on the Environment
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A note on commuting times and city size: Testing variances as well as means
    (Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2014) An, Qian; Gordon, Peter; Moore, James, II
    Relatively little attention has been paid to the relationship between commute time variances and city size. In this paper, we utilize 2009 Nationwide Highway Travel Survey data and test the relationship between area commute-time means as well as variances in metropolitan-area size. We include tests for metropolitan areas as a whole and for residents from urban, suburban, second city, and town-and-county areas. The regression analysis shows that all estimated slopes are statistically significant but not much greater than zero. Commute time means and variances are highly correlated. These relationships are also invariant with respect to the place of residence. An extensive collection of literature provides evidence for the co-location of workers and jobs hypothesis: average commute times do not rise appreciably as metropolitan population increases. We conclude that these results are additional, although indirect, evidence for the co-location hypothesis.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Watershed-based Stressors for the Great Lakes Basin
    (2024-01-11) Host, George; Kovalenko, Katya; Brown, Terry; Johnson, Lucinda; Ciborowski, Jan; ljohnson@d.umn.edu; Johnson, Lucinda; Natural Resources Research Institute
    The Watershed-based Stressors for the Great Lakes Basin dataset includes component and aggregated measures of environmental stress to coastal ecosystems from watersheds of the Great Lakes Basin. Stressors include the amount of agricultural and developed land use, as well as road and population density. These summaries are based on a set of 5971 watersheds that cover the US and Canadian Great Lakes basin, derived using methods from Hollenhorst et al. (2007). Indices presented in this dataset include SumRel (Host et al. 2011) and the more recent combined Agriculture and Development - AgDev index (Host et al. 2019). These were developed as part of the Great Lakes Environmental Indicators II (GLEI-II) project, funded through the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative and used to quantify the response of biota (birds, fish, macroinvertebrates, diatoms and wetland vegetation) to varying degrees of watershed stress (Kovalenko et al. 2014). As of 2015, a more recent version of watersheds has been created by the Great Lakes Aquatic Habitat Framework and stressors recalculated based on those watersheds.