Browsing by Subject "Neighborhood characteristics"
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Item Developing vehicular and non-vehicular trip generation models for mid-rise residential buildings in Kelowna, British Columbia: Assessing the impact of built environment, land use, and neighborhood characteristics(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2021) Orvin, Muntahith Mehadil; Ahmed, Sheikh Daryus; Fatmi, Mahmudur Rahman; Lovegrove, GordonThis study develops vehicular and non-vehicular trip generation models for mid-rise, multi-family residential developments. A comparative analysis of observed and Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) trip rates suggests that ITE rates consistently overestimate. A latent segmentation-based negative binomial (LSNB) model is developed to improve the methodology for estimating vehicular and non-vehicular trips. One of the key features of an LSNB model is to capture heterogeneity. Segment allocation results for the vehicular and non-vehicular models suggest that one segment includes suburban developments, whereas the other includes urban developments. Results reveal that a higher number of dwelling units is likely to be associated with increased vehicle trips. For non-vehicular trips, a higher number of dwelling units and increased recreational opportunities are more likely to increase trip generation. The LSNB model confirms the existence of significant heterogeneity. For instance, higher land-use mix has a higher probability to deter vehicular trips in urban areas, whereas trips in the suburban areas are likely to continue increasing. Higher density of bus routes and sidewalks are likely to be associated with increased non-vehicular trips in urban areas, yet such trips are likely to decrease in suburban areas. An interesting finding is that higher bikeability in suburban areas is more likely to increase non-vehicular trips. The findings of this study are expected to assist engineers and planners to predict vehicular and non-vehicular trips with higher accuracy.Item ‘New urbanism’ or metropolitan-level centralization? A comparison of the influences of metropolitan-level and neighborhood-level urban form characteristics on travel behavior(Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2011) Naess, PetterBased on a study in the Copenhagen Metropolitan Area, this paper compares the influences of macro-level and micro-level urban form characteristics on the respondents’ traveling distance by car on weekdays. The Copenhagen study shows that metropolitan-scale urban- structural variables generally exert stronger influences than neighborhood-scale built-environment characteristics on the amount of car travel. In particular, the location of the residence relative to the main city center of the metropolitan region shows a strong effect. Some local scale variables often described as influential in the literature, such as neighborhood street pattern, show no significant effect on car travel when provisions are made to control for the location of the dwelling relative to the city center.