Browsing by Subject "HPV"
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Item Cervical Cancer in Women with HIV in A Setting with High Smoking: Implications for Prevention(2021-12) Zhao, RanIn China, cervical cancer is recognized as a major public health problem. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections cause almost all cases of cervical cancer. Tobacco smoking and co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are two independent risk factors for cervical cancer. Women living with HIV (WLWH) have been shown to have higher risks of HPV infection, precancerous lesions, and cervical cancer. Similarly, smoking negatively impacts the immune system and increases the risk of cervical cancer. Routine cervical cancer screening followed by early treatment is effective in reducing the burden of cervical cancer. In 2009, the Chinese government launched a population-based cervical cancer screening program in rural China as the first step towards implementing national population-based cervical cancer screening. Cervical cancer incidence among Chinese WLWH is estimated to be 47.6 per 100,000, compared to 15.5 per 100,000 in the general population. Considering their excess risk of developing cervical cancer, current screening coverage remains low. Moreover, the current cervical cancer screening guidelines for China do not provide separate screening recommendations for WLWH to account for their increased risk. The aims of this dissertation are to provide evidence to support tailored cervical cancer screening programs for WLWH in Guangxi, a region with a high prevalence of HIV in China. Since smoking control is a challenge in China, and more than 70% of adults are exposed to secondhand smoke in a typical week, we specifically consider the additional risk of cervical cancer associated with smoking exposure. In particular, we (1) surveyed WLWH in Guangxi regarding their knowledge about cervical cancer screening and risk factors for cervical cancer, (2) systematically summarized the literature on the effect of smoking exposure on cervical abnormalities among WLWH, and (3) evaluated the benefits and the harms associated with cytology-based cervical cancer screening tailored to WLWH in Guangxi using decision modeling.Item Cervical Cancer: What you should know!(2010-07-21) Olson, BrendaBasic information regarding cause, risk factors, and screening for cervical cancer.Item Cutaneous warts: to freeze or not to freeze?(2012-07-23) Goldman, OksanaItem HPV Treatment: What’s the next step?(2012-07-26) Vallera, VincentItem HPV Vaccination for Boys(2009-08-20) Suojanen, MarkGardasil has been demonstrated to be a safe and effective vaccine to confer immunogenicity to young men but is awaiting approval by the U.S. FDA.Item The HPV Vaccine(2012-07-23) Zatochill, MaryItem HPV Vaccine and Men(2010-07-21) Strelow, BringhamVaccinating men against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is controversial and continues to be studied. Several studies have shown some evidence that specific populations of men may benefit from this vaccine. However, most of this knowledge is not reaching those who may benefit. This brochure provides a basic overview of HPV, risks associated with infection, and which populations of men may benefit from receiving the vaccine.Item HPV Vaccine and Men(2009-09-18) Strelow, BringhamVaccinating men against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is controversial and continues to be studied. Several studies have shown some evidence that specific populations of men may benefit from this vaccine. However, most of this knowledge is not reaching those who may benefit. This brochure provides a basic overview of HPV, risks associated with infection, and which populations of men may benefit from receiving the vaccine.Item HPV Vaccine Recommendations for Women over 26 years old(2012-07-26) Durakovic, SelmaItem Male HPV Vaccination(2010-07-22) Fowler, Jason DeanMale vaccination against HPV is safe and effective with regard to immunogenicity in young males. Cost effectiveness and decreased male morbidity and mortality secondary to vaccination require further research before definitive conclusions can be drawn.Item Pap Tests: What? Why? When?(2012-07-26) Dirlam, CarlyItem Women’s Health: HPV infection, Gardasil Vaccine, and Pap Smears(2010-07-29) Cavanaugh, KevinThe use of prophylactic quadrivalent HPV vaccine in women aged 24-45 is safe and effective against infection with HPV serotypes 6, 11, 16, and 18, and likely confers protection against cervical, vulvar, and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia and external genital disease.