University Digital Conservancy :: Browsing by Subject "Federal aid to research -- United States"

Browsing by Subject "Federal aid to research -- United States"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 37

Oral history interview with Alexander A. McKenzie
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-03-13) McKenzie, Alexander A. (Alexander Anderson), 1940-
Following a brief overview of his background, McKenzie discusses his connection with the ARPANET project at Bolt Beranek and Newman (BBN), including an indirect influence on hardware selection, his early role as a project generalist responsible for handling user questions and giving presentations about the ARPANET, and the running of the Network Control Center (NCC). McKenzie addresses why the NCC was set up, how it expanded, his view of the computer utility concept, and his interactions with the IPT Office, the other members of the group at BBN, and the rest of the community. The interview ends with an evaluation of the impact of the ARPANET. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.
Oral history interview with Alvin I. Thaler
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-09-28) Thaler, Alvin Isaac
Thaler describes his experiences as a program director in both the mathematical and computer science divisions of the National Science Foundation (NSF). Topics include: EXPRES, an interoperability program of NSF; computational mathematics; theoretical computer science; the work of John Pasta; Jim Infante and the decision to separate mathematics and computer science into two divisions; the role of other funding agencies; and NSF support of computer science research.
Oral history interview with Andrew Molnar
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1991-09-25) Molnar, Andrew R.
Molnar begins with a brief review of his education and career prior to joining the National Science Foundation's Office of Computing Activities (OCA) in 1970. The interview focuses on Molnar's work at OCA and includes discussion of interaction between program officers, computer networks, and computer assisted instruction. Molnar describes the contributions of Pat Suppes, Donald Bitzer, and the MITRE Corporation in computer assisted instruction.
Oral history interview with Arthur Grad
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-10-29) Grad, Arthur
Grad describes his work in mathematics at the Office of Naval Research and discusses the reasons for his move to the National Science Foundation (NSF). He recalls his early funding of computer science out of the mathematics program and the types of grant support provided to computer science research by NSF and the various military agencies.
Oral history interview with Bruce H. Barnes
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-09-26) Barnes, Bruce H.
Barnes describes his duties as a program director at the National Science Foundation (NSF). He provides brief overviews and examples of NSF's support of research in theoretical computer science, computer architecture, numerical methods, and software engineering, and the development of networking. He describes NSF's support for the development of computing facilities through the Coordinated Experimental Research Program.
Oral history interview with Charles Herzfeld
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-08-06) Herzfeld, Charles
After a brief discussion of his professional career at the Naval Research Laboratory and the National Bureau of Standards, the interview turns to programs in and administration of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Herzfeld describes his tasks as program director of the Defender program and his interactions with different management levels at the Department of Defense. The major portion of the interview is a discussion of his knowledge of the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) program and his interaction with IPTO personnel.
Oral history interview with David C. Walden
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-02-06) Walden, David C.
Following a brief overview of his background, Walden traces his involvement with the ARPANET, from discussions before the official DARPA request was issued to his later management of the project at Bolt Beranek and Newman (BBN). He discusses the people involved in the ARPANET work at BBN and how they were influenced by their previous work developing real-time computer systems at Lincoln Laboratory. Walden describes the working environment of the group at BBN and their relationships with the IPT Office, other DARPA contractors, and the larger community. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.
Oral history interview with Douglas T. Ross
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-11-01) Ross, Douglas T.
Ross begins with a discussion of his early involvement with John Ward on the Cape Cod project and his early experimentation in gestalt programming with Air Force and Emerson Electric Company programmers on the 1103 at Eglin Air Force Base. He then talks about the work he directed for the Air Force under Frank Reintjes at the MIT laboratories. He discusses the APT (Automatically Programmed Tools) and AED (Automated Engineering Design) projects which were early precursors of the languages and systems of modern CAD and CAM systems. Although these projects were not supported directly by DARPA, they were run in close connection with the WHIRLWIND, TX-0, TX-2, Project MAC, and CTSS projects that were running simultaneously at MIT. Ross discusses his use of programmers from industry in these projects. He also mentions the distribution of APT through the Fortran Monitor System and discusses the relationship between AED and PL-1.
Oral history interview with Edward Feigenbaum
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-03-03) Feigenbaum, Edward A.
Feigenbaum begins the interview with a description of his initial recruitment by ARPA in 1964 to work on a time-sharing system at Berkeley and his subsequent move to Stanford in 1965 to continue to do ARPA-sponsored research in artificial intelligence. The bulk of the interview is concerned with his work on AI at Stanford from 1965 to the early 1970s and his impression of the general working relationship between the IPT Office at ARPA and the researchers at Stanford. He discusses how this relationship changed over time under the various IPT directorships and the resulting impact it had on their AI research. The interview also includes a general comparison of ARPA with other funding sources available to AI researchers, particularly in terms of their respective funding amounts, criteria for allocation, and management style. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.
Oral history interview with Ettore F. Infante
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-11-14) Infante, E. F.
Infante describes his work at the National Science Foundation (NSF) related to mathematics and computer science. He discusses the separation of mathematics and computer science within NSF; various NSF computer science programs, predominantly the Coordinated Research Program and CSNet; the work of Kent Curtis; and NSF's interaction with other funding agencies, especially the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.
Oral history interview with Frank Heart
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-03-13) Heart, Frank
Following a brief overview of his fifteen years of experience at Lincoln Laboratory (including work on Whirlwind and SAGE), Heart describes his move to Bolt Beranek and Newman (BBN) and how he became involved with the ARPA network project. As the manager of the project at BBN for over ten years, Heart discusses his relationships with the group at BBN, DARPA and Lawrence Roberts, and the host community. Some of the problems encountered and surprises in the development of the network are addressed by Heart, as are the changes he has seen in DARPA over the years of his involvement with them. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.
Oral history interview with Frederick W. Weingarten
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-09-26) Weingarten, Frederick W.
Weingarten describes his duties as a program officer in the Computer Science Division of the National Science Foundation (NSF). He details the proposal review process. He discusses the impact NSF has had on computer science through improved facilities, applications, education, and support of research. Weingarten concludes with a comparison between the research support philosophies of NSF and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.
Oral history interview with Harry G. Hedges
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-09-26) Hedges, Harry George; Nebeker, Frederik
Hedges briefly describes the creation of the Michigan State University computer science department before shifting the focus of the interview to his work at the National Science Foundation (NSF). Topics include: the work of Rick Adrion in theoretical computer science; the proposal process; NSF's Coordinated Experimental Research Program and similar infrastructure programs; and the manner in which grants influenced the development of computer science programs in the U.S.
Oral history interview with Howard Frank
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-03-30) Frank, Howard
The interview begins with a discussion of Frank's background in networking, including his education, work in the Office of Emergency Preparedness, and founding of the Network Analysis Corporation. Frank then describes his work on the ARPANET, including his interaction with Roberts and the IPT Office, relationship with BBN and Leonard Kleinrock, and work on other network-related projects. The interview concludes with some general comments about IPTO as a government agency.
Oral history interview with Ivan Sutherland
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-05-01) Sutherland, Ivan Edward, 1938-
Following a brief overview of his background, Sutherland describes his tenure as head of the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) from 1963 to 1965. He discusses the existing programs as established by J. C. R. Licklider, his interaction with the research community, the budget, and the new initiatives started while he was there: projects in graphics and networking, the ILLIAC IV, and the Macromodule program. Other topics covered include: the difficulties of getting qualified people into the office, the impact of IPTO's funding in artificial intelligence, and the review process. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.
Oral history interview with John McCarthy
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-03-02) McCarthy, John, 1927-
McCarthy begins this interview with a discussion of the initial establishment and development of time-sharing at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the role he played in it. He then describes his subsequent move to Stanford in 1962 and the beginnings of his work in artificial intelligence (AI) funded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency. This work developed in two general directions: logic-based AI (LISP) and robotics. In the main section of the interview McCarthy discusses his view of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's (DARPA) role in the support of AI research in the U.S. in general and at Stanford in particular. He specifically addresses the following issues: the relative importance of DARPA funding in comparison to other public and private sources, requirements and procedures undertaken to obtain DARPA funds, and changes over time in levels of support and requirements from DARPA. McCarthy concludes this interview with a brief description of the AI Laboratory at Stanford and his continued work on AI (funded by DARPA) with the Formal Reasoning Group.
Oral history interview with John R. Lehmann
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-09-26) Lehmann, John R.
Lehmann discusses the changes in management style at the National Science Foundation with respect to its support for computer science research. He describes the move toward greater accountability in the 1980s, the routine of a program director, and the proposal review process.
Oral history interview with Jules I. Schwartz
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-04-07) Schwartz, Jules I.
Schwartz worked for the Rand Corporation on various defense related projects: SAGE and JOHNNIAC in particular. When Rand organized the System Development Corporation, Schwartz went to the new company. For most of the interview, Schwartz describes his association with SAGE, his part in the computer laboratory work on timesharing for the AN/FSQ-32 computer, computer networks, control system projects (such as TDMS), and his interactions with ARPA personnel, including J. C. R. Licklider, Lawrence G. Roberts, and Robert S. Taylor. He discusses his later position at Computer Sciences Corporation. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.
Oral history interview with Keith W. Uncapher
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1989-07-10) Uncapher, Keith W.
The interview begins with a review of projects at RAND when Uncapher was hired in 1950. He discusses some of the projects he was involved in or had managerial responsibility for through the early 1970s, such as JOHNNIAC, JOSS, a survivable national network, GRAIL (GRAphical Interactive Language), and some work related to the ARPANET. The formation of Information Sciences Institute (ISI), funded by DARPA, is described, as well as some of the work ISI did for DARPA/IPTO. The interview ends with Uncapher's general observations on how DARPA and IPTO have changed over his years as a contractor. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.
Oral history interview with Leonard Kleinrock
(Charles Babbage Institute, 1990-04-03) Kleinrock, Leonard
Kleinrock begins the interview with a discussion of his background including his participation in the Staff Associate Program at Lincoln Laboratory in the early 1960s, his dissertation work in queuing theory, and his move to the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA). As one of the main contractors for the ARPANET, Kleinrock describes his involvement in discussions before the official DARPA request was issued, the people involved in the ARPANET work at UCLA, the installation of the first node of the network, the Network Measurement Center, and his relationships with Lawrence Roberts and the IPT Office, Bolt Beranek and Newman, and the Network Analysis Corporation. This interview was recorded as part of a research project on the influence of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the development of computer science in the United States.