Browsing by Subject "College of Education and Human Development"
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Item Adolescents' Coping with Relational Victimization(2008-12-01) Bont, Erin M.The effect of an intervention on adolescents’ relational victimization coping skills was investigated. Relational victimization refers to the victims of relational aggression--behavior that attempts to harm others through the manipulation of relationshipsItem Advancing the Ascent into Higher Education: An Exploration of College Access Programming(2020-03) Jenkin, Ann E.Item Affective Responses to High Intensity Interval Training Relative to Moderate Intensity Continuous Training(2022) Dregney, Tyler; Lewis, BethItem Assessing Passivity/Initiative in Post-Institutionalized Children(2011-08-11) Pintar, AlyssaFearfulness is a significant factor in the development of young children. However, the extent to which a child anticipates being able to control or affect frightening/novel stimuli lessens the risk of fearful or freezing behaviors leading to future psychopathology (Buss, 2010). Institutional care provides children with few response-contingent experiences, thus we hypothesize that a longer, more physically and socially deprived environment will lead to the development of more passive behaviors.Item Autism mentorship program: A self-concept strengthening program(2020-03) Tomfohrde, Olivia; Goldberg, Emily; Goerdt, Annie; Weiler, Lindsey; Hudock, RebekahAdolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) report that they often feel burdened by their diagnosis and struggle with social interactions and anxiety. Concurrently, adolescents with ASD rarely know adult role models with ASD who can serve as a source of guidance and inspiration. The Autism Mentorship Program (AMP) is a first-of-its-kind program that matches autistic* adolescents with autistic adults in one-to-one mentoring relationships (*identity-first language preferred). AMP was designed to provide youth with a sense of identity and belonging, by means of a supportive relationship. The aim of this study was to explore the promise of AMP to affect mentors’ and mentees’ self-concept and self-satisfaction. Seven mentee-mentor pairs (N=14) completed pre- and post-test assessments. Results showed that 83% of mentees and 57% of mentors improved in overall self-concept. Mentees experienced a moderate change in life-satisfaction (d=0.56) and a moderate to large change in self-satisfaction (d=0.71). Mentors reported a minimal change in self-satisfaction (d=0.13) and a small increase in life-satisfaction (d=0.30). One hundred percent of mentees and mentors reported satisfaction with the program. As such, AMP shows promise as a mutually beneficial program for supporting aspects of wellbeing for individuals with ASD.Item Autism Spectrum Disorder Prevalence in Minnesota(2022) Sample, Jeannette; Esler, Amy; Hall-Lande, Jennifer; Hallas, Libby; Higginbotham, Courtney; Poynter, JennyItem Characterization of Ankle Proprioception in Healthy Older Adults(2021) Fall, Nicole; Sertic, Jacquelyn; Konczak, JürgenThis study aimed to establish a typical dataset of ankle proprioception in a healthy aging population. Proprioception is the awareness of the body in space. Proprioception at the ankle joint is particularly important for balance and gait. When proprioception is compromised from neurological disorders (i.e. Parkinson's disease), these motor functions are impaired. There is no established dataset of ankle proprioception in a healthy aging population. Characterizing ankle proprioception will allow clinicians to monitor disease progression and researchers to monitor treatment efficacy in people with proprioceptive impairment. The Ankle Proprioceptive Acuity System (APAS) device was used to quantify ankle proprioception with a sensitivity of 0.1°. Participants were put through a number of trials that consisted of moving the foot to two different positions within the APAS. The participant then answered, “In which position, the first or the second, were your toes closer to the floor?” Further analysis revealed ankle proprioception was similar between age groups for all measures of acuity with mean values of proprioceptive acuity nearly identical. It was concluded that age does not contribute to a decline in ankle proprioception up until the age of 79 years. The completed data collection allowed for the establishment of a control group. In future work, this control dataset will be compared to individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Identifying trends in ankle proprioception are important in diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and determining the efficacy of interventions aimed at improving proprioception.Item College students, texting, and family: “The only way we can goof off and be [family]… because we don’t see each other often.”(2020-03) LeBouef, Samantha; Dworkin, Jodi; Hessel, Heather; Holmgren, Hailey; Keyzers, AngelaItem Comparison of Manual and Robotic Proprioceptive Acuity Systems(2022-04-30) Fall, Nicole; Sertic, Jacquelyn; Huang, Qiyin; Konczak, JürgenAwareness of the spatial position of our body and limbs, known as proprioception, is important for bodily function and motor operation. Particularly at the ankle joint, motor skills such as balance, walking, and coordination rely on intact ankle proprioception. Without a fully-functional proprioceptive system, quality of life declines as individuals find greater difficulty completing simple and coordinated, everyday physical tasks and actions. A number of different factors can lead to proprioceptive impairment, including brain injury, developmental disorder, and neurological diseases. These include stroke, cerebral palsy, diabetic neuropathy, and Parkinson’s disease. Many ways to measure proprioceptive acuity exist and can vary based on measurement outcomes, study aims, and participant demographics. Our study constructed two ankle proprioceptive acuity systems (APAS), one manual and one robotic. This was done to examine whether the same participant would demonstrate similar ankle position sense values when applying the same psychophysical paradigms across two different devices. We hypothesized that within subjects, ankle position sense acuity would not vary significantly between the two systems. A sample of 14 healthy, neurologically unimpaired individuals (age range 19-27 years) were recruited. Participants’ right ankles were tested for ankle position sense acuity using the two systems. This allowed for identification of the just noticeable difference (JND) threshold, defined as the angle for which the participant had a 75% correct answer response rate. Participants were also measured regarding their precision, or the area of uncertainty one has about the JND threshold. Results revealed that the JND threshold was statistically significantly different (p < 0.001) between the manual and robotic APAS systems. However, precision was not statistically significantly different between the two devices (p = 0.95). Given the significant difference in JND threshold outcomes, we recommend one system be used uniformly in future studies. Using both manual and robotic APAS systems simultaneously in a single study may result in confounding measurement error. With a control population collected and a strong understanding of the differences between the two APAS systems, we are prepared to continue research studies that further our understanding of the proprioceptive sense.Item Effect of Segment Position on Hazelnut Hardwood Stem Cutting Rooting and Survival : One Step Closer to a More Secure Future for Food and Fuel(2012-04-18) O'Brien, MeaganThe vast majority of human calories are currently supplied through annual crops; however, large scale annual cropping systems can be environmentally deleterious. Perennial crops can ease some of these environmental pressures. Hazelnuts are a “uniquely multifunctional” perennial crop with exceptional fresh nutritional value, desirable oil, food processing uses, and “waste” products appropriate for biofuels and livestock feed. They may also provide new economic opportunity for Midwestern farmers. However, hazelnuts are currently propagated by seed resulting in undesirable variation in nut quality, disease resistance, plant size, and yields. Hazelnuts are resistant to vegetative propagation and here we trialed various stem treatments in a humidified cooler with and without bottom heat to stimulate root growth. While survival data is pending, we have shown that younger, longer, basal stems and moderate concentrations of rooting hormone are essential to vegetative hazelnut propagation.Item Effects of Orientation on the Perception of Affordances in Wheelchairs(2011-04-13) Motiff, Stephanie; Watkins, Molly; Yu, YawenFor people in wheelchairs, movements of the head and torso are related to the accuracy of judgments about opportunities for wheelchair locomotion. These opportunities can consist of passing between or under various objects such as doorways or hanging items. In order to determine how head and torso movements relate to the accuracy of perception of passage ability, research needed to be conducted to find correlations from various trials. Four trials consisting of a subject facingfront and judging height, facing front and judging width, facing the side and judging height, or facing the side and judging width were conducted. At this point in the research the results are only partially analysed. Predictions about this research state that the height and width judgement accuracy will correlate to head and/or torso movement, movement will differ for judging height and judging width, and that movement will also differ for viewing the apparatus straight on or making judgements from the side. Results thus far indicate that the accuracy of the perceptual judgment does not differ between the groups of people facing forward and facing side when using a sliding door. Also, we found that accuracy of judgement does not change throughout the varying trials each subject is asked to complete. Within the next couple of weeks we will have done further analysis on the information gathered and there will be a better understanding of the correlation between head and torso movement and perception of passage ability.Item Exploring Predictors of Transition Planning Participation and Future Goal Aspirations of Secondary Students with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities(2020) Johnson, David; Wu, Yi-Chen; Thurlow, Martha L.; LaVelle, John; Davenport, Ernest; Matthias, CynthiaThis poster is based on research that we have recently conducted based on an Institute for Education Science, U.S. Department of Education grant title “Exploring Predictors of IEP/Transition Planning Participation and Future Goal Aspirations of Students with Disabilities”. The studies were based on a secondary analyses of the National Longitudinal Transition Study 2012 (NLTS 2012). NLTS is a sample of 13,000 students and 13,000 parents conducted by Mathematica Policy Research and the Institute on Community integration at the University of Minnesota. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires that students with disabilities beginning by age 16 are invited to and actively participate in setting goals and making decisions regarding their school and postschool involvements. The results of this study document the challenges that youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities have in assuming an active role in the transition planning process.Item Exploring the IEP/Transition Planning Experiences for students with disabilities and English learners with disabilities from NLTS 2012(2020) Wu, Yi-Chen; Thurlow, Martha L.; Johnson, David; Davenport, Ernest; LaVelle, John; Matthias, CynthiaThe purpose of this study is to explore the data from the National Longitudinal Transition Study–2012 (NLTS 2012) on the IEP/transition planning meeting experiences for students with disabilities and English learners (ELs) with disabilities. This study used factor analysis to explore the constructs of IEP/transition planning meeting experience for these two groups separately. Furthermore, Chi-square analysis were used to explore the differences on the IEP/transition planning meeting experiences between ELs with disabilities and non-ELs with disabilities. Finally, the logistic regression analysis were used to explore the predictors for youth’s role and contribution in the IEP/transition planning meeting. Results identified four factors for students with disabilities—Youth/Parent Participation, Youth Contribution, Youth/Parent Invitation & Youth Output, and Outside Agency Involvement—and five factors for ELs with disabilities—Youth participation, Parent participation, Invitation & future discussion, Youth involvement, and Youth role. Results showed three out of four ELs with disabilities reported they contributed a little on coming up the goals in the transition planning meeting. The predictors for ELs with disabilities were different from non-ELs with disabilities. This implicates educators may explore different routes to get parents involvement at school to increase parents and youth’s excitation on living independently in the future.Item Financial Anxiety during COVID-19: How do Parents with Young Children Cope with the Crisis?(2022) Li, Yiting; Zuiker, Virginia S.; Zhou, XiangGiven the uncertainty surrounding the duration and impact of COVID-19, there is clear evidence that suggests an increase in anxiety symptoms in the U.S. and around the world is perhaps unsurprising (Fitzpatrick et al., 2020; Marchetti et al., 2020). This study examines the financial anxiety of young parents with children between the ages of 3 to 8 years old during the COVID-19 global pandemic. More specifically, the authors examined predictors of financial anxiety, including parental-, child-, financial-, COVID-, and general mental health- factors using hierarchical regression with data collected during the pandemic from 376 parents. Results indicated that parental factors, financial adjustment, COVID-19 factors, stimulus checks, and general anxiety contributed significantly to impacts on financial anxiety.Item Gender Differences in Developing Romantic Relationships: Intimacy and Commitment(2009-10-07) Steele, Ryan D.Are there gender differences in the relation between adolescent romantic relationship intimacy and later romantic relationship functioning?Item How a gratitude and positive activity journal supports recovery from alcohol and other substance use disorders: a framework derived from grounded theory(2020-03) Krentzman, AmyPurpose: Improving subjective wellbeing in recovery is a compelling strategy to reduce relapse. Positive Peer Journaling (PPJ) is a daily journaling practice that combines positive psychology with behavioral activation to increase subjective wellbeing in recovery and thereby reduce relapse. We conducted a pilot feasibility study of PPJ that included the collection of qualitative data from audio-recorded interviews of participants describing their experience using PPJ. The purpose of the current study was to analyze these qualitative data to produce a theoretical model describing how PPJ might support sustained abstinence. Methods: Participants were 15 women receiving residential treatment for addiction (M= 37 years, SD=10; 73% with household income < $15,000; 70% with civil or criminal court cases; 90% with trauma history; mean length of sobriety 48 days, SD=32). The journal leverages positive psychology exercises (gratitude practices and acts of kindness), values exercises, and activity scheduling to review the past day and plan the next day. Interview transcripts were transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analytic techniques and grounded theory methodology to capture themes in the data, study the ways in which the themes were related, and build a theory to describe how the journal might work to support recovery. Results: Although participants typically reported negative mood, reviewing the past day helped them to perceive life in recovery more positively. Participants reported that planning the next day helped them to remember to complete tasks they usually forgot, which produced positive emotions including pride and confidence. Positive emotion and satisfaction with life are key elements of subjective wellbeing. Conclusions: Increased subjective wellbeing as the result of PPJ could help increase the discrepancy between active substance use and life in recovery which in turn would encourage taking the action necessary to maintain sobriety. Our findings also might describe how gratitude practices operate in addiction recovery more generally. In future work we will pilot PPJ in a randomized control trial to obtain further evidence of feasibility, acceptability, and impact.Item How has the COVID-19 pandemic impacted direct support professionals across the United States?(2022) Kramme, Julie; Pettingell, Sandra; Bershadsky, Julie; Hewitt, Amy; Smith, JerryIn March 2020, many businesses, schools, and organizations supporting individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) closed their doors or changed how they operated because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Direct support professionals (DSPs) continued to work but in different ways or different places. DSPs are interdisciplinary professionals who provide complex and essential supports to individuals with IDD, making community inclusion a reality. Many stories emerged of the significant challenges in providing supports safely to individuals with IDD during the pandemic. Staff from the University of Minnesota’s Institute on Community Integration and the National Alliance for Direct Support Professionals knew it was important to hear directly from DSPs and frontline supervisors about their experiences. In response, we developed a series of three surveys that were completed by over 18,000 respondents from across the country. The findings from these surveys provide critical information about DSP experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, DSP experiences are informing effective policy and practice decisions about what is needed. These findings help better prepare for potential future waves of this or other pandemics. Key findings will be presented as well as highlighting responsive outreach activities.Item Increasing Motivation for Physical Activity among Individuals with Severe Intellectual or Developmental Disabilities(2022) Heverly, Emma; Wagner, Brooke E.; Barr-Anderson, Daheia J.Individuals with severe intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD) face one of the worst outcomes for physical activity among the general population, as they are faced with both cognitive and physical difficulties when participating in physical activities. Motivation for physical activity is also often found to be more difficult to self -initiate or be intrinsically motivated. The study aims to uncover themes in the barriers and difficulties that individuals with severe IDD face in initiating and sustaining physical activity, as well as strategies occupational therapists use to motivate this demographic to engage in such activities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with licensed occupational therapists (n=6) with a history of working with individuals with IDD and then qualitatively analyzed and coded for themes and commonalities using Excel. Results were categorized under two main themes: barriers to physical activity and the participants' approaches or techniques for increasing physical activity. The first theme was further broken down into categories outlining intrapersonal, interpersonal, environmental, and cultural barriers. The second theme was broken down into communication, motivation, external/public support, mindset/advice, and routine. The discovered themes can be used to bring greater awareness and present solutions to barriers in physical activity for individuals with IDD, as well as provide direction for research in the field of study regarding people living with severe IDD.Item Interaction, Spring 1997(1997) Department of Family Social ScienceNews about faculty, staff and students in the Department of Family Social Science.Item Interactions, Fall 1996(1996) Department of Family Social ScienceNews about faculty, staff and students in the Department of Family Social Science.