Browsing by Subject "Alcohol Use"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Characteristics of the sibling relationship that predict sibling similarity in adolescent alcohol use: exploring potential shared environmental effects.
    (2012-05) Samek, Diana R.
    Using a genetically informative sibling-pair design (N = 613), three studies were conducted to extend knowledge on how siblings influence adolescent alcohol use. Study 1 utilized latent class analysis to determine if patterns of sibling similarity in alcohol use could be detected. The 3-class model was the best fitting for Wave 1, and the 4-class model was the best fitting for Wave 2. Study 2 established the predictive validity of Study 1 by testing characteristics of the sibling relationship (closeness, conflict, communication) at Wave 1 as predictors of sibling similarity in alcohol use patterns at Wave 2. Communication and conflict predicted the 4-class model, but closeness did not. Study 3 utilized Cholesky decomposition in order to decompose the genetic and environmental contributions to the correlation between mom, dad, and sibling involvement in their association with adolescent alcohol use. There were few significant findings, potentially due to power issues. Altogether, this research demonstrates sibling influences on adolescent alcohol use and provides guidelines for future research in my general program of research.
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    Data Related to Association studies of up to 1.2 million individuals yield new insights into the genetic etiology of tobacco and alcohol use
    (2019-01-16) Liu, Mengzhen; Jiang, Yu; Wedow, Robbee; Li, Yue; Brazel, David M; Chen, Fang; Datta, Gargi; Davila-Velderrain, Jose; McGuire, Daniel; Tian, Chao; Zhan, Xiaowei; 23andMe Research Team; HUNT All-In Psychiatry; Choquet, Hélène; Docherty, Anna R; Faul, Jessica D; Foerster, Johanna R; Fritsche, Lars G; Gabrielsen, Maiken Elvestad; Gordon, Scott D; Haessler, Jeffrey; Hottenga, Jouke-Jan; Huang, Hongyan; Jang, Seon-Kyeong; Jansen, Philip R; Ling, Yueh; Mägi, Reedik; Matoba, Nana; McMahon, George; Mulas, Antonella; Orrù, Valeria; Palviainen, Teemu; Pandit, Anita; Reginsson, Gunnar W, Skogholt, Anne Heidi; Smith, Jennifer A; Taylor, Amy E; Turman, Constance; Willemsen, Gonneke; Young, Hannah; Young, Kendra A; Zajac, Gregory J M; Zhao, Wei; Zhou, Wei; Bjornsdottir, Gyda; Boardman, Jason D; Boehnke, Michael; Boomsma, Dorret I; Chen, Chu; Cucca, Francesco; Davies, Gareth E; Eaton, Charles B; Ehringer, Marissa A; Esko, Tõnu; Fiorillo, Edoardo; Gillespie, Nathan A; Gudbjartsson, Daniel F; Haller, Toomas; Harris, Kathleen Mullan; Heath, Andrew C; Hewitt, John K; Hickie, Ian B; Hokanson, John E; Hopfer, Christian J; Hunter, David J; Iacono, William G; Johnson, Eric O; Kamatani, Yoichiro; Kardia, Sharon L. R; Keller, Matthew C; Kellis, Manolis; Kooperberg, Charles; Kraft, Peter; Krauter, Kenneth S; Laakso, Markku; Lind, Penelope A; Loukola, Anu; Lutz, Sharon M; Madden, Pamela A F; Martin, Nicholas G; McGue, Matt; McQueen, Matthew B; Medland, Sarah E; Metspalu, Andres; Mohlke, Karen L; Nielsen, Jonas B; Okada, Yukinori; Peters, Ulrike; Polderman, Tinca J C; Posthuma, Danielle; Reiner, Alexander P; Rice, John P; Rimm, Eric; Rose, Richard J; Runarsdottir, Valgerdur; Stallings, Michael C; Stančáková, Alena; Stefansson, Hreinn; Thai, Khanh K; Tindle, Hilary A; Tyrfingsson, Thorarinn; Wall, Tamara L; Weir, David R; Weisner, Constance; Whitfield, John B; Winsvold, Bendik Slagsvold; Yin, Jie; Zuccolo, Luisa; Bierut, Laura J; Hveem, Kristian; Lee, James J; Munafò, Marcus R; Saccone, Nancy L; Willer, Cristen J; Cornelis, Marilyn C; David, Sean P; Hinds, David A; Jorgenson, Eric; Kaprio, Jaakko; Stitzel, Jerry A; Stefansson, Kari; Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir E; Abecasis, Gonçalo; Liu Dajiang J; Vrieze Scott; liu00282@umn.edu; Liu, Mengzhen
    We conducted a meta-analysis of over 30 genome wide association studies (GWAS) in over 1.2 million participants with European ancestry on nicotine and substance use. Specifically, we targeted different stages and kinds of substance use from initiation (smoking initiation and age of regular smoking initiation) to regular use (drinks per week and cigarettes per day) to cessation (smoking cessation). The GWAS included have all been imputed to Haplotype Reference Consortium, 1000 Genomes or a combination including more specific reference panels. The studies are then meta-analyzed using sample size, allele frequencies and the imputation quality score as weight. Here we present the final set of filtered meta-analysis summary statistics as presented in the paper (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018-0307-5) excluding 23andMe. As per requirement and to ease dissemination of our results for other scientific endeavors, we are sharing our results here to facilitate downloading.
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    Socioeconomic status moderates the etiology of alcohol use
    (2013-05) Hamdi, Nayla Rashad
    This study examined whether socioeconomic status (SES), measured by household income and educational attainment, moderates genetic and environmental influences on alcohol use. We found that genetic effects were greater in low-SES conditions, while shared environmental effects (i.e., environmental effects that enhanced the similarity of twins from the same families) gained importance in high-SES conditions. This basic pattern of results was found for both income and education and replicated at a second wave of assessment spaced nine years after the first. Our findings indicate that the etiology of alcohol use varies as a function of the broader social context. Thus, efforts to find the causes underlying alcohol consumption are likely to be more successful if such contextual information is taken into account.