Browsing by Subject "1940s"

Now showing 1 - 13 of 13
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    Clara Congdon's Diary (1939-1942)
    (1939) Congdon, Clara
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    Clara Congdon's Diary (1944)
    (1944) Congdon, Clara
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    Interview with Ellis Benson
    (University of Minnesota, 2009-12-01) Tobbell, Dominique A.; Benson, Ellis
    Ellis Benson starts with his background, including growing up in China (his parents were missionaries), why he went into medicine and academic medicine, and his educational history. He discusses his residency in pathology at the UMN, his internal medicine residency at the VA Hospital, joining the Department of Laboratory Medicine, his work while he was in charge of the blood bank, his work as director of Clinical Laboratories, and his work as head of Pathology. He offers reflections on cardiac surgeons Richard Varco and Walter Lillehei and how they dealt with the Lab and the Blood Bank, as well as working with the Department of Surgery and surgeons more generally. He discusses the appointment of Robert Howard as dean of the College of Medical Sciences in 1959 and Howard’s deanship, the Vice President of the Health Sciences search and the appointment of Lyle French. He also discusses Franz Halberg, and David Brown. He discusses his work on protein chemistry and going to the Carlsberg Laboratory in Copenhagen, the UMN’s Clinical Laboratory providing community services to anyone in Minnesota, the Medical Technology program, why technologists tended to be women, and specialization in medicine. He describes the founding of the Academy of Clinical Laboratory Physicians and Scientists, the creation of the Department of Laboratory Medicine at the UMN in 1959, space issues in the late 1950s and early 1960s, the merger of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and the relationships between the clinical and basic science departments within the Medical School. He discusses the attempt to establish a second medical school in St. Paul, relations between the Medical School and other UMN health science schools in the 1960s and 1970s, faculty attitudes toward the 4 reorganization in 1970, the impact of the introduction of Medicaid and Medicare, the attempt to create a School of Allied Health Sciences in the late 1960s and early 1970s, relations between the Medical School and the Mayo Clinic, and relations with the University Hospitals.
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    Interview with Eugenia Taylor
    (University of Minnesota, 2010-05-27) Tobbell, Dominique A.; Taylor, Eugenia
    Eugenia Taylor begins by discussing her background, including growing up in Montana, her education, her early nursing career, and why she became a nurse. She discusses her experiences as a diploma student, as a baccalaureate student at the UMN, getting her MA in education, and as faculty member at the UMN. She talks about the UMN School of Nursing faculty and deans, including Katherine J. Densford, Edna Fritz, and Isabel Harris. She discusses the practical nursing program and its position within the School of Nursing; the rural nursing program; licensed practical nurses (LPNs) versus registered nurses (RNs); nursing education; the Child Bearing-Child Rearing program; Building F; the Shyamala Rajender decree, sex discrimination, and women at the UMN; the Disaster Nursing Program in the 1950s/1960s; the School of Nursing and the reorganization of the health sciences in the late 1960s; the nurse midwifery program; the nursing Ph.D. program; the Area Health Education Commission; and the School of Nursing’s regional work. She describes changes in nursing education curriculum in the 1960s; the creation of a School of Nursing dean and the appointment of Isabel Harris as the School’s first dean; nursing education in the Twin Cities; nursing licensing; nursing aids; physicians assistants; nurse practitioners; relations in the School of Nursing between faculty with Ph.D.s and those without; and nursing research laboratories.
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    Interview with Frederic Kottke
    (University of Minnesota, 2010-02-04) Tobbell, Dominique A.; Kottke, Frederic
    Frederic Kottke begins by describing some of his background, including his education and why he went into medicine and specifically physical medicine and rehabilitation. He briefly talks about the establishment of the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; the integrative and interdisciplinary approach to medicine in physical medicine and rehabilitation; the different types of patients he saw; funding at the University of Minnesota; perceptions in the 1960s that there was a shortage of physicians; the Medical School curriculum revisions in the 1960s; the faculty practice issue; the attempt to establish a medical school in St. Paul; the reorganization of the health sciences in 1970; Lyle French and Neal Gault; the establishment of the Program in Human Sexuality; the support of members of Congress; and the VA Hospital.
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    Interview with Grace Ederer
    (University of Minnesota, 2012-07-30) Hagens, Emily; Ederer, Grace M.
    Grace Ederer begins her interview with a description of her upbringing, her education, and her decision to enter the field of medical technology. She then recalls the early stages of her career and her work at the University of Minnesota from 1952 to 1982. Ederer describes the role of women in medical technology, the building of the new medical sciences building, and Dr. Gerald T. Evans’ efforts to reorganize the clinical laboratories and medical technology to integrate them into the Medical School. Ederer also discusses her decision to adopt a dog that had been used in experiments conducted C. Walton Lillehei on hypothermia in open-heart surgery. She goes on to describe her changing positions at the University, her teaching, her research, and her pursuit of a master’s in public health. She also talks about her interactions with Dr. Evans, Dr. Ellis Benson, and Dr. Lillehei. She then discusses the Medical Technology Program, her work with Barbara Tucker on laboratory safety and ethics, her work with Ruth Hovde and Verna Rausch, the changing curriculum, dealing with the high volume of lab work, working with graduate students, her experiences with Robert Howard, and efforts to establish a school of Allied Health Sciences.
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    Interview with Henry Buchwald
    (University of Minnesota, 2012-09-28) Klaffke, Lauren E.; Buchwald, Henry
    Dr. Henry Buchwald begins his interview talking about his early life: fleeing Austria in the midst of the Holocaust, growing up in New York, and his baccalaureate and medical education at Columbia. He discusses how he arrived at an interest in medicine, his time in the Air Force, and his reasons for choosing to pursue a residency at the University of Minnesota. As part of his time at Minnesota, Dr. Buchwald compares the University’s research program with those of other medical schools, relates the profound influence of Owen Wangensteen on the Surgery Department, and discusses his early lab work and his studies of biochemistry, particularly lipids, with Ivan Frantz. In reviewing his changing research interests, Dr. Buchwald cites major diseases afflicting society at various times during his career: the increasing association of cholesterol with heart disease prompted his early interest in lipid uptake and spurred his work on the Program on Surgical Control of Hyperlipidemias (POSCH); the need for treatments for diabetes prompted his research into Infusaid, the first implantable infusion pump, a collaborative effort that led to the development of several other devices and eventually the establishment of a bioengineering program at the University; and finally, the ongoing obesity epidemic spurred Dr. Buchwald’s current research into the jejunoileal bypass for the treatment of obesity. In his reflections on obesity research, Dr. Buchwald discusses the high level of stigmatism associated with the disease and the difficulty of funding research into its treatment.
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    Interview with Katherine Lillehei
    (University of Minnesota, 2010-10-27) Tobbell, Dominique A.; Lillehei, Katherine
    Katherine Lillehei begins by describing her background, including her education and why she went into nursing. She discusses her experiences as a nursing student at the University of Minnesota, working at the General Hospital, working at the University Hospital, and as a private duty nurse. She describes the relationship between nurses and physicians; the heart/lung machine; the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Lillehei lectures; the experiences of wives of surgeons; the elimination of the practical nursing degree program at the University of Minnesota School of Nursing; and commuting back and forth to New York City while her husband worked at the New York Hospital. She discusses her husband, C. Walton Lillehei, touching on topics such as his experiences with cancer and the atmosphere in the Department of Surgery while he was there. She talks about Richard Varco, Owen Wangensteen, Earl Bakken, Maurice Vischer, Katherine Densford, Ellen Fahy, and other School of Nursing Deans.
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    Interview with Richard M. Magraw
    (University of Minnesota, 2009-07-31) Tobbell, Dominique A.; Magraw, Richard M.
    Richard Magraw begins with his background and education. He describes his residencies and his work history and discusses his work as assistant dean at UMN. He discusses the effect of National Institutes of Health research funding on medical education in the late 1940s and 1950s, the focus on specialization and the de-emphasis of primary care during this time. He goes on to discuss the faculty practice issue at UMN in the 1960s, the regional and national concern in the 1960s over a shortage of physicians, the national trend in the 1960s of regional health planning, the development of family practice as a specialty, his book Ferment in Medicine, and the influence on medicine of the introduction of Medicare and Medicaid in the mid- and late-1960s. He discusses the Comprehensive Clinic Program (1960-67), the relationship between the Medical School and Minnesota state legislature, the reorganization and expansion of the health sciences in the 1960s, the relationship between the Medical School and the affiliated hospitals, and the relationship among the Schools of Nursing, Medicine, and Public Health within the College of Medical Sciences. He describes the attempt to establish a medical school in St. Paul, the establishment of the Department of Family Practice and Community Health, and the separation of the departments of Psychiatry and Neurology at UMN. He discusses what he did after he left the UMN, including his work in Washington, DC.
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    Interview with Robert Ulstrom
    (University of Minnesota, 2010-02-18) Tobbell, Dominique A.; Ulstrom, Robert
    Robert Ulstrom begins the interview by describing his background, including his education, his service in the US Army, and why he became a pediatrician. He reflects on his mentor Irvine McQuarrie, and his colleagues John Anderson, Robert Howard, and Lyle French. He discusses his experiences in University of Minnesota Medical School, his move to UCLA, his return to the University of Minnesota in the mid-1950s, and his work as associate dean in the College of Medical Sciences. Other topics discussed include, his research, the private practice issue, relations with affiliated hospitals and their faculty after the expansion of the Medical School class size in the 1960s, the curriculum revision in the 1960s, the attempt to establish a medical school in St. Paul, the establishment of the Department of Family Practice, tensions between private practice physicians and Medical School physicians, the effort to establish a Minneapolis children’s hospital in the 1960s, tensions between Minneapolis and St. Paul physicians, the reorganization of the health sciences into the Academic Health Center in 1970, the Mayo Clinic and the Mayo School of Medicine.
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    Interview with Ruth Weise
    (University of Minnesota, 2010-07-28) Tobbell, Dominique A.; Weise, Ruth
    Ruth Weise starts with describing her background, including her education and why she went into nursing. She discusses her experiences as a student at the University of Minnesota, working as a staff nurse, teaching operating room nursing, why she left the University of Minnesota, and her work at St. Barnabus Hospital. She describes working with iron lungs, surgeons’ treatment of nurses, working in the operating room and with different technologies, and the Area Health Education Centers program. She discusses the relationship between diploma and degree nurses at the University of Minnesota; curriculum changes in the 1940s and 1950s; changes in the School of Nursing between the 1950s and 1970s; the move in nursing to working with communities; the relationship of the University of Minnesota School of Nursing to other nursing programs in the region; the closing of nursing diploma schools, changes in the School of Nursing after the reorganization of the health sciences in 1970; the perceived shortage of health care professionals in the 1950s through 1970s; public health nursing; and the move to have nursing faculty with Ph.D.s and what it was like to not have a Ph.D. in this context. She remembers Katherine Densford, Isabel Harris, Edna Fritz, Irene Ramey, and Ellen Fahey.
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    Interview with Theresa "Tess" Sullivan
    (University of Minnesota, 2010-10-07) Tobbell, Dominique A.; Sullivan, Theresa
    Theresa Sullivan begins by describing her education and her decision to become a nurse. She discusses her experiences as a student at the University of Minnesota School of Nursing during 1940s, her clinical experience, and working as a nurse at the University Hospital in the 1940s. She discusses World War II; changes in nursing and medical practice since the 1940s; nurses’ relationships with interns; how physicians and surgeons treated nurses; diploma nurses; the atmosphere around the Medical School in the 1950s; the Medical School faculty’s relationship with their students; the position and power of the Medical School within the health sciences and the University more broadly; attitudes of local medical community toward the Medical School; and the relationship between the Medical School and the state legislature. She talks about her husband, Dr. Albert Sullivan; Earl Bakken and the development of the pacemaker; Walton C. and Katherine Lillehei; John Najarian; and Katherine Densford.
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