Browsing by Author "Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center"
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Item Carp Edema Virus Host Range Study in Lake Swartout and Outbreaks in four other lakes(2021-03-02) Tolo, Isaiah; Phelps, Nicholas; tolo0007@umn.edu; Phelps, Nicholas; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterMass mortality events of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, carp) associated with carp edema virus (CEV) alone or in coinfections with koi herpesvirus (KHV), is an emerging issue. Despite recent outbreaks of CEV in wild carp populations, the host range of North American species has not been well studied. To that end, we intensively sampled carp (n = 106) and co-habiting native fish species (n = 5 species; n = 156 total fish) from a CEV-suspect mass-mortality event of carp in a small Minnesota lake (Lake Swartout). Additionally, fecal and regurgitant samples (n = 73 each) from double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus, DCCO) were sampled to test the potential of DCCO to act as a vector for virus transmission. CEV was confirmed to be widespread in the Lake Swartout carp population during the outbreak with high viral loads and histological confirmation, suggesting that CEV was the cause of the mortality event. There were no detections of CEV in any native fish species; however, DCCO regurgitant and fecal samples were positive for CEV DNA. In addition, three CEV-positive and one CEV+KHV-positive mortality events were confirmed with no observed mortality or morbidity of non-carp species in other lakes. This study provides evidence that CEV infection and disease may be specific to carp during mortality events with mixed-species populations, identifies DCCO as a potential vector for CEV, and further expands the known range of CEV, as well as coinfections with KHV, in North America.Item Complete Data and Analysis for: Constraining invader dominance: Effects of repeated herbicidal management and environmental factors on curlyleaf pondweed dynamics in 50 Minnesota lakes(2020-01-08) Verhoeven, Michael R; Larkin, Daniel J; Newman, Raymond M; michael.verhoeven.mrv@gmail.com; Verhoeven, Michael R; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterCurlyleaf pondweed (Potamogeton crispus) is one of the most widespread and widely managed aquatic invasive plants in North America. Despite decades of management, the efficacy of long-term management strategies and the effects of environmental drivers on curlyleaf pondweed populations remain uncertain. To evaluate the effects of management and environmental factors on within-lake distribution and local density of curlyleaf pondweed, we collated monitoring data from aquatic plant point-intercept surveys collected by a variety of lake managers across Minnesota, USA. The goal of the study was to examine the influence of herbicide treatment, water clarity, snow depth, and ice cover duration on curlyleaf pondweed distribution and density between 2006 and 2015. The data included in this repository includes the complete dataset as a comma-separated-value file and all Program R code necessary to replicate the data processing, analysis, and visualizations used in the study.Item Complete Data and Analysis for: Effects of seed traits and dormancy break treatments on germination of four aquatic plant species(2023-06-29) Verhoeven, Michael R; Bacon, Jonah A; Larkin, Daniel J; michael.verhoeven.mrv@gmail.com; Verhoeven, Michael; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterThis repository contains the raw data and code necessary to conduct the analyses in the companion paper.Item Complete Data and Analysis for: Niche models differentiate potential impacts of two aquatic invasive plant species on native macrophytes(2021-01-22) Verhoeven, Michael R.; Glisson, Wesley J.; Larkin, Daniel J.; michael.verhoeven.mrv@gmail.com; Verhoeven, Michael R; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterThe goal of our study was to elucidate the mechanisms by which two invasive aquatic plant species (Myriophyllum spicatum and Potamogeton crispus) interact with native plant communities in lakes in Minnesota, USA. We used an observational dataset of aquatic plant occurrences—and associated light availability, depth, and temperature—to construct probabilistic models of the ecological niches of 34 aquatic plant species. We then compared shared-ness of these niches between the two invasive aquatic plants and 32 native species to infer the degree of direct competitive interaction. This repository contains the complete dataset as a comma-separated-value file and Program R code necessary to replicate the data prep, exploration, analysis, and visualizations presented in the manuscript.Item Complete data for Overwinter survival of Corbicula fluminea in a central Minnesota lake(2021-11-01) Weber, Megan M; Cibulka, Daniel; mmweber@umn.edu; Weber, Megan M; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterCorbicula fluminea is regarded as one of the most pervasive freshwater aquatic invasive species in the world. It has been widely cited to have a lower lethal temperature threshold of 2 degrees Celcius, which suggests the species would be unable to survive in Minnesota outside of areas of thermal refuge from sources such as power plant, water treatment facility, and other raw water user effluent). In August 2020 a volunteer participating in Starry Trek, an aquatic invasive species early detection event, recovered live C. fluminea from an inland Minnesota lake with no known thermal refuge (Briggs Lake, Sherburne County). This data set documents the distribution, overwinter survival, and size class structure of the population in Briggs Lake and observational data at a nearby lake (Big Lake, Sherburne County) where additional clams were discovered by a volunteer towards the end of the Briggs Lake project timeline. The data from this study are available here for public use.Item Complete Data for: Desiccation tolerance of the invasive alga starry stonewort (Nitellopsis obtusa) as an indicator of overland spread risk(2021-10-13) Glisson, Wesley J.; Wagner, Carli K.; Verhoeven, Michael R.; Muthukrishnan, Ranjan; Contreras-Rangel, Rafael; Larkin, Daniel J.; wjglisson@gmail.com; Glisson, Wesley, J; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterThe ability of invasive macrophytes to survive out of water, i.e., their desiccation tolerance, is an important indicator of capacity for spread to new waterbodies through overland transport. Invasion by the alga starry stonewort (Nitellopsis obtusa [Desv. in Loisel.] J. Groves; Characeae) in North America is likely driven via overland transport, but little is known regarding its ability to remain viable out of water. We conducted laboratory and outdoor experiments to evaluate desiccation tolerance of N. obtusa propagules, including single stem fragments, small and large clumps of fragments, and bulbils (asexual reproductive structures). Propagules were removed from water after 15 min to 5 d to identify desiccation thresholds. The data from these experiments are documented and available here for public availability and use.Item Complete Data for: Laboratory evaluation of copper-based algaecides for control of the invasive macroalga starry stonewort (Nitellopsis obtusa)(2022-05-23) Glisson, Wesley J; Contreras-Rangel, Rafael; Bishop, West M; Larkin, Daniel J; wjglisson@gmail.com; Glisson, Wesley J; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterNitellopsis obtusa ([Desvaux] J. Groves [1919]; Characeae), known as starry stonewort, is an invasive macroalga in Laurentian Great Lakes states and provinces in North America. Because of its potential negative impacts on native ecosystems and recreation, N. obtusa has become a high-priority target for management. However, there is a critical lack of foundational information on the efficacy of different algaecides, and concentrations thereof, for N. obtusa control. Additionally, control of N. obtusa bulbils—asexual reproductive structures that are the main pathway for the establishment of new plants—has proven difficult. We tested the efficacy of six commonly used copper-based algaecides, at a series of copper concentrations up to the maximum labeled rate, on N. obtusa thalli (photosynthetic aboveground tissues) and bulbils in controlled laboratory experiments. Bulbils were placed above and below sediment in separate experiments to evaluate whether sediment acted as a barrier to treatment. The data from these experiments are provided and documented here.Item Data and R code for analysis of walleye and yellow perch age-0 length in Minnesota's Large Lakes(2019-12-10) Hansen, Gretchen J A; Bethke, Bethany J; Ahrenstorff, Tyler D; Dumke, Josh; Hirsch, Jodie; Kovalenko, Katya E; LeDuc, Jaime F; Maki, Ryan P; Rantala, Heidi M; ghansen@umn.edu; Hansen, Gretchen; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterInvasive species represent a threat to aquatic ecosystems globally; however, impacts can be heterogenous across systems. Documented impacts of invasive zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) and spiny water fleas (Bythotrephes cedarstroemi; hereafter Bythotrephes) on native fishes are variable and context dependent across locations and time periods. Here, we use a hierarchical Bayesian analysis of a 35-year dataset on two fish species from 9 lakes to demonstrate that early life growth of ecologically important fishes are influenced by these aquatic invasive species. Walleye (Sander vitreus) grew more slowly throughout their first year of life, and were on average 12 or 14% smaller at the end of their first summer following invasion by Bythotrephes or zebra mussels, respectively. Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) growth was less affected by invasion. Yellow perch on average grew more slowly in their first year of life following invasion by zebra mussels, although this effect was not statistically distinguishable from zero. Early life growth of both walleye and yellow perch was less tightly coupled to degree days in invaded systems, as demonstrated by increased variance surrounding the degree day-length relationship. Smaller first-year size is related to walleye survival and recruitment to later life stages and has important implications for lake food webs and fisheries management. Future research quantifying effects of zebra mussels and Bythotrephes on other population-level processes and across a wider gradient of lake types is needed to understand the mechanisms driving observed changes in walleye growth.Item Data and R code to support: Estimating densities of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in early invasions using distance sampling(2019-01-18) Ferguson, Jake M; Fieberg, John R; McCartney, Michael A.; Blinick, Naomi S.; Schroeder, Leslie; jakeferg@umn.edu; Ferguson, Jake M; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterThese files are the data and code needed to reproduce the analysis of the manuscript "Estimating densities of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in early invasions using distance sampling". The data include spatial coordinates of transects used to survey for zebra mussels in Lake Sylvia and Lake Burgan in the summer of 2017, the counts of zebra mussels on each transect, and environmental covariates collected along transects and at each detection. We also provide the R code needed to process and analyze these data following the distance survey approach described in the manuscript. We provide code for a straightforward distance survey, which doesn't include any spatial covariate information, as well as a more computationally intensive analysis that does include spatial covariates.Item Data for: "Effect of light on macrophyte sprouting and assessment of viable seedbank to predict community composition"(2022-02-22) Dunne, Melaney A; Newman, Raymond M; Newma004@umn.edu; Newman, Raymond M.; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterThese are data from the paper: “Effect of light on macrophyte sprouting and assessment of viable seedbank to predict community composition” Sediments cores from each lake were pooled and homogenized and placed in trays with controlled lighting and temperature. Germination was determined for low light conditions (low water clarity), higher light conditions (high water clarity) and a treatment with gibberellic acid to induce germination and sprouting (maximum emergence – called maximum germination in the JAPM publication). Trays were examined weekly for newly sprouted plants that were identified to species and enumerated.Item Data from: Tests in a semi-natural environment suggest that bait and switch strategy could be used to control invasive Common Carp(2020-07-10) Hundt, Peter J; Amberg, Jon; Sauey, Blake; Vacura, Kristen; Bajer, Przemyslaw G; hundt002@umn.edu; Hundt, Peter J; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterCommon Carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758), is a highly invasive species that has had profound effects on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Many Carp management methods have been applied including physical removal, pesticide treatments of whole lakes, and water drawdowns. Herein, we tested key elements of a potential “bait and switch” approach in which corn could be used to induce feeding aggregations of Carp and then switched for corn pellets with a pesticide Antimycin-A (ANT-A) to selectively target the Carp. First, laboratory experiments were used to determine if addition of lethal concentrations of ANT-A to corn pellets deterred Carp from eating corn-based food pellets. Second, a pond experiment tested if a corn-based bait containing ANT-A functioned as a species-specific Carp management tool in a semi-natural environment with three common native fishes: White Sucker (Catostomus commersonii Lacepède, 1803), Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens, Mitchill, 1814), and Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, 1819). The use of baited sites by Carp and native species was monitored using passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags. Mortality of each species and presence of corn in their digestive tracts was also monitored.Item Disease ecology and host range of Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CYHV-3) in North American lakes(2022-11-10) Tolo, Isaiah; isaiah.tolo@state.mn.us; Tolo, Isaiah; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterCyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3) is an important pathogen of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, carp) causing significant economic and ecological impacts worldwide. The recent emergence of CyHV-3 in the Upper Midwest region of the United States has raised questions related to the disease ecology and host specificity of CyHV-3 in wild carp populations. To determine the prevalence of CyHV-3 in wild populations of fishes in Minnesota, we surveyed five lakes in 2019 in which the virus was known to have caused mass mortality events in carp from 2017-2018. A total of 28 species (n = 756 total fish) of native fishes and 730 carp were screened for the presence of CyHV-3 DNA using specific qPCR. None of the native fish tissues tested positive for CyHV-3 though the prevalence of CyHV-3 in carp was 10-50% in the five lakes. A single lake (Lake Elysian) with a 50% DNA detection rate and evidence of ongoing transmission and CyHV-3 associated mortality was surveyed again in 2020 from April-September. During this period, none of the tissues from 24 species (n = 607 total fish) tested positive for CyHV-3 though CyHV-3 DNA and mRNA (indicating viral replication) was detected in carp tissues during the sampling period. CyHV-3 DNA was detected most often in brain samples without evidence of replication, potentially indicating that brain tissue is a site for CyHV-3 persistence. Paired qPCR and ELISA testing for Lake Elysian in 2019-2020 identified young carp (especially males) to be the primary group impacted by CyHV-3 associated mortality and acute infections, but with no positive detections in juvenile carp. Seroprevalence of carp from Lake Elysian was 57% in 2019, 92% in April of 2020 and 97% in by September 2020. These results further corroborate the host specificity of CyHV-3 to carp in mixed wild populations of fishes in Minnesota and provide additional insights into the ecological niche of CyHV-3 in shallow lake populations of carp in North America. Little to no curation was performed on this dataset. DRUM can not verify the completeness or quality of the documentation, nor the FAIRness of the included files. Please contact the author with any questions.Item Investigation of cyprinid herpes virus 3 (CyHV-3) disease periods and factors influencing CyHV-3 transmission in a low stocking density infection trial(2021-12-13) Tolo, Isaiah; tolo0007@umn.edu; Tolo, Isaiah; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterPathogens are the primary limitation to aquaculture production of fish and a major issue in consideration of the interface between cultured and wild populations of fishes worldwide. While rapid spread of fish pathogens between populations (wild or farmed) is generally anthropogenic and the result of trade, the mechanisms of transmission once a pathogen has been introduced to a fish population are not well understood. The most widespread pathogen impacting both aquaculture and wild populations of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, carp) is Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3). To understand how CyHV-3 is transmitted in a population we conducted a series of infection trials, designed to determine the kinetics CyHV-3 infections, identify the contributions of direct and indirect forms of CyHV-3 transmission, and to determine the contributions of contact rate, viral load, pathogenicity, and contact type. We found that direct contact between fish was the primary mechanism of CyHV-3 transmission rather than transmission through contaminated water. Additionally, CyHV-3 transmission occurred primarily during the incubation period of CyHV-3, prior to the appearance of disease signs and disease-associated reduction in contact rate.Item KHV disease data from wild Cyprinus carpio from Lake Elysian (Le Seuer, MN) and cohabitation disease trial of Cyprinus carpio, Pimephales promelas and Carassius auratus(2020-09-28) Tolo, Isaiah; Phelps, Nicholas; phelp083@umn.edu; Phelps, Nicholas; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterKoi herpesvirus (KHV) is an important pathogen worldwide and a common cause of mass mortality events of wild common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in North America, however reference strains and genomes obtained from wild carp are not available. Additionally, it is unclear if fishes native to North America are susceptible to KHV infection due to incomplete susceptibility testing. Here we present the first North American type strain and whole genome sequence of KHV isolated from wild carp collected from a lake with history and recent incidence of carp mortality. Additionally, the strain was used in an in-vivo infection model to test the susceptibility of a common native minnow (Pimephales promelas) and goldfish (Carrasius auratus) which is invasive in North America. Detection of KHV DNA was confirmed in the tissues of a single fathead minnow but the same tissues were negative for KHV mRNA and samples from exposed fathead minnows were negative on cell culture. There was no detection of KHV DNA or mRNA in goldfish throughout the experiment. KHV DNA in carp tissues was reproducibly accompanied by detection of KHV mRNA and isolation on cell culture. Additionally, environmental KHV DNA was detected on all tank filters during the study. These findings suggest that fathead minnows and goldfish are not susceptible to KHV infection and that detection of KHV DNA alone in host susceptibility trials should be interpreted with cautionItem Phenology data for the invasive macroalga Nitellopsis obtusa (starry stonewort) in Minnesota, USA, 2017 - 2018(2021-11-22) Glisson, Wesley J; Muthukrishnan, Ranjan; Wagner, Carli K; Larkin, Daniel J; wjglisson@gmail.com; Glisson, Wesley; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterUnderstanding the phenology of aquatic invasive plants is critical for evaluating and predicting their ecological impacts and timing control efforts. Despite its 45-year invasion history in North America, relatively little is known about the phenology of the invasive macroalga Nitellopsis obtusa (starry stonewort). We tracked N. obtusa phenology from 2017-2018 in two Minnesota (USA) lakes representing northern and southern clusters of N. obtusa invasion in Minnesota. We measured N. obtusa biomass and counted bulbils (asexual reproductive structures) throughout the growing season and in winter, under ice. These data are provided and documented here.Item Phenology data for watermilfoil taxa Myriophyllum spicatum, M. sibiricum, and M. spicatum x M. sibiricum in Minnesota, USA, 2017 - 2018(2021-11-15) Glisson, Wesley J; Larkin, Daniel J; wjglisson@gmail.com; Glisson, Wesley; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterIn North America, the hybrid aquatic plant Myriophyllum spicatum × Myriophyllum sibiricum (hybrid watermilfoil, HWM) is a cross between non-native invasive Eurasian watermilfoil (M. spicatum, EWM) and native northern watermilfoil (M. sibiricum, NWM). We compared HWM to its parental taxa, EWM and NWM, by examining the amount and timing of: 1) flowering, 2) surface cover, and 3) biomass (using stem counts as a proxy). We conducted repeat surveys of Myriophyllum beds at eight lakes (2–3 lakes/taxon) in the Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan area (Minnesota, USA) between June 2017 and November 2018. To sample biomass without destroying plants, we developed a novel sampling device that uses underwater video to measure Myriophyllum stems; we validated the utility of this device by comparing Myriophyllum stem counts and biomass collected from the same locations. The data from these studies are provided and documented here.Item R Code, Data, and Output Supporting: Facilitating effective collaboration to prevent aquatic invasive species spread(2023-09-05) Bajcz, Alex, W.; Kinsley, Amy; Haight, Robert; Phelps, Nicholas; bajcz003@umn.edu; Bajcz, Alex W.; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center; Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine; USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation BiologyThis repository contains R code, raw and processed data, and associated outputs supporting the results reported in: Kinsley, A, Bajcz A, Haight R, and Phelps N. 2023. Facilitating effective collaboration to prevent aquatic invasive species spread. Biological Invasions [in press]. In brief, this repository provides the inputs, code, and documentation for our process of generating optimization models, using linear integer programming (LIP) in R, that would find optimal placement patterns for watercraft inspection stations to thwart the movement of boats at risk of carrying aquatic invasive species from one lake to another within the state of Minnesota, given certain assumptions about how jurisdictional authority operates within the state.Item R Code, Data, and Output Supporting: A within-lake occupancy model for starry stonewort, Nitellopsis obtusa, to support early detection and monitoring(2022-12-19) Bajcz, Alex W; Glisson, Wesley; Larkin, Daniel J; Fieberg, John; bajcz003@umn.edu; Bajcz, Alex W; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation BiologyThese data and files support the published paper "A within-lake occupancy model for starry stonewort, Nitellopsis obtusa, to support early detection and monitoring" | Scientific Reports (nature.com). It contains both input files and data as well as processed output files from the modeling effort described in the paper, which uses predictor variables to predict both occupancy and detection for within-lake locations by starry stonewort, an invasive aquatic macrophyte. The files being submitted include everything needed to fully replicate and further interpret our results and provide a framework for constructing similar models in similar contexts.Item Recreationist willingness to pay for aquatic invasive species management at four Minnesota lakes(2021-02-12) Levers, Lucia; Pradhananga, Amit; llevers@umn.edu; Levers, Lucia; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterWillingness to pay data from surveys conducted with recreationists (primarily boaters) at four Minnesota Lakes (Minnewaska, Koronis, Gull, and Pokegama) in the summer of 2019.Item Supplementary files for an expert-based risk ranking framework for assessing potential pathogens in the live baitfish trade(2022-05-06) McEachran, Margaret C.; Travis, Dominic A.; Phelps, Nicholas B. D.; Sampedro, Fernando; thom4412@umn.edu; McEachran, Margaret C.; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research CenterThe purpose of this study was to develop a “hazard identification” and ranking tool to identify the pathogens that pose the highest risk to wild fish from the release of live baitfish by recreational anglers in freshwater systems. We developed a screening protocol and semi-quantitative stochastic risk ranking framework by combining published data with expert elicitation (n=25) and applied the framework to identify high-priority pathogens for the bait supply in Minnesota, USA. Normalized scores were developed for seven risk criteria (likelihood of transfer, prevalence in bait supply, likelihood of colonization, current distribution, economic impact if established, ecological impact if established, and host species) to characterize a pathogen’s ability to persist in the bait supply and cause impacts to wild fish species of concern. Of an initial list of 33, 15 potential pathogens met the criteria for inclusion and were evaluated using the semi-quantitative framework. The generalist macroparasite Schizocotyle acheilognathi was identified as presenting highest overall threat to wild Minnesota fish, followed by the microsporidian Ovipleistophora ovariae, and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus. Our findings contribute to the development of risk-based prevention and surveillance methods in support of front-line managers charged with maintaining both the aquatic sporting industry and sustainable, healthy natural resources in Minnesota. In addition, the ranking framework provides a standardized conceptual framework for prioritizing management as novel disease needs emerge.