Browsing by Author "Anderson, James"

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    An RGB deep-neural network approach for high-throughput phenotyping of Fusarium head blight in wheat
    (2025-04-08) Cooper, Julian; Du, Chuan; Beaver, Zach; Zheng, Ming; Page, Rae; Wodarek, Joseph; Matny, Oadi; Szinyei, Tomas; QuiƱones, Alejandra; Anderson, James; Smith, Kevin; Yang, Ce; Steffenson, Brian; Hirsch, Cory; cdhirsch@umn.edu; Hirsch, Cory; University of Minnesota Plant Stress Resistance Biology Lab
    Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat is an economically important disease which can cause yield losses exceeding 50%. Breeding for host resistance remains the most effective disease control method; however, time, labor, and human subjectivity during disease scoring limits selection advancements. In this study we describe an innovative, high-throughput phenotyping rover for capturing in-field RGB images and a deep neural network pipeline for wheat spike detection and FHB disease quantification. The image analysis pipeline detects wheat spikes from images collected by the phenotyping rover under variable field conditions, segments those spikes and the amount of diseased tissue in the spikes, and quantifies disease severity as the region of intersection between the spike and disease masks. To validate disease inferences, individual spike and plot aggregate FHB estimates from the pipeline were compared with visual disease scores from the field and on images. The precision and throughput of the pipeline surpassed traditional field rating methods. Aggregate plot disease levels as estimated by the pipeline correlated highly with field and manually annotated image disease scores; however disease assessments on individual spikes were influenced by field location. The pipeline was able to quantify FHB from images taken with different camera orientations than the original training data, which demonstrates strong generalizability. This innovative pipeline represents a breakthrough in FHB phenotyping, offering precise and efficient assessment of FHB on both individual spikes and plot aggregates. The pipeline is robust across different environments and the potential to standardize disease evaluation methods across the research groups make it a valuable tool for studying and managing this economically significant fungal disease.
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    Development of Alternative On-site Treatment Systems for Wastewater Treatment: A Demonstration Project for Northern Minnesota
    (University of Minnesota Duluth, 1997-12-31) McCarthy, Barbara J; Axler, Richard P; Monson Geerts, Stephen D; Henneck, Jerald; Crosby, Jeff; Nordman, Del; Weidman, Peter; Hagen, Timothy S; Anderson, James; Gustafson, David; Kadlec, Robert; Otis, Richard; Sabel, Gretchen
    The major objectives at the northern site were 1) to design, construct, monitor and compare the yearround performance of alternative treatment systems, with respect to a conventional trench system, for treatment of typical single family wastewater flows (based on the removal of fecal coliform bacteria, BOD5, TSS, phosphorus, and nitrogen); 2) to compare subsurface water quality at several depths below drainfield trenches receiving discharge water from a conventional (i.e., septic tank) and alternative systems; 3) to design, construct, and monitor the performance of a subsurface drip irrigation system at different depths in the s0il; 4) to design, construct, and monitor the performance of a pressurized sewage treatment system utilizing small diameter pipe and a subsurface flow, constructed wetland treatment system for a .cluster of lakeshore homes on Grand Lake in order to demonstrate that this alternative technology could correct a problem representative of numerous other situations in Minnesota; and 5) to develop a technology transfer plan for effectively communicating the results of this study to the private sector, the public (i.e., potential users), and the appropriate local and state agencies.
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    Landscaping Septic Systems
    (University of Minnesota, Minnesota Extension Service, 1998) Meyer, Mary H.; Pedersen, Brad; Jaster, Marguerite; Anderson, James; Olson, Kenneth M.; Gustafson, David M.
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    Safe drinking water for Minnesotans (Revised 1993)
    (University of Minnesota. Agricultural Extension Service, 1993) Anderson, James; Liukkonen, Barbara; Bergsrud, Fred
    This archival publication may not reflect current scientific knowledge or recommendations. Current information available from the University of Minnesota Extension: https://www.extension.umn.edu.