This readme.txt file was generated on 20201203 by Alexis Logsdon

GENERAL INFORMATION

1. Title of Dataset: "Parole Rules in the United States: Conditions of Parole in Historical Perspective, 1956-2020" 
2. File Information:
   A. Filename: 1956 Census of Conditions of Parole Table.csv	
   B. Short description: .csv file of parole conditions, 51.53Kb

   C. Filename: 1969 Census of Conditions of Parole Table.csv
   D. Short description: .csv file of parole conditions, 54.81Kb

   E. Filename: 1982 Census of Conditions of Parole Table.csv	
   F. Short description: .csv file of parole conditions, 68.13Kb

   G. Filename: 1996 Census of Conditions of Parole Table.csv	
   H. Short description: .csv file of parole conditions, 68.70Kb

   I. Filename: 2008 Census of Conditions of Parole Table.csv	
   J. Short description: .csv file of parole conditions, 56.95Kb

   K. Filename: 2020 Census of Conditions of Parole Table.csv	
   L. Short description: .csv file of parole conditions, 58.87Kb

   M. Filename: Six Censuses of Conditions of Parole - Category Count by Census Year.csv
   N. Short description: .csv file of parole conditions category counts, 30.61Kb

   O. Filename: Six Censuses of Conditions of Parole - Category Crosswalking Chart.csv	
   P. Short description: .csv file of category cross walking chart for parole conditions across six censuses, 9.246Kb
  
   Q. Filename: Six Censuses of Conditions of Parole - Condition Count by Census Year and Jurisdiction.csv
   R. Short description: .csv file containing condition count by census year and jurisdiction, 2Kb.
   
   S. Filename: ReadmeFileWiggins
   T. Short description: .txt readme file for dataset
  
   W. Filename: 2020 Census of Conditions of Parole Table - Raw Text Coding Matrix.csv
   X. Short description: .csv file containing codebook for the data set., 4Kb.

   Y. If data set includes multiple files related to one another, include relationship here: There are six census files, along with a file that aggregates a count of which parole conditions were in place for each of the years in the censuses, a file with aggregated data on condition count by census year and jurisdiction, and one crosswalking chart for the terms used in each census. 

3. Principal Investigator Contact Information
   A. Name: Benjamin Wiggins
   B. Institution: University of Minnesota	
   C. Address:
   D. Email: benwig@umn.edu

4. Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information
   A. Name: Edward E. Rhine
   B. Institution: University of Minnesota
   C. Address:
   D. Email: erhine3997@aol.com

5. Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information
   A. Name: Kelly L. Mitchell
   B. Institution: University of Minnesota
   C. Address:
   D. Email: mitch093@umn.edu

6. Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information
   A. Name: Bree Crye
   B. Institution: University of Minnesota
   C. Address:
   D. Email: crye0010@umn.edu

7. Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information
   A. Name: Robin L. Tu
   B. Institution: University of Minnesota
   C. Address:
   D. Email: tu000011@umn.edu

7. Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date): 19560101 to 20200601

8. Geographic location of data collection (where was data collected?): n/a

9. Date files were created: 20201116

10. Are there multiple versions of the dataset? Yes
   A. If yes, list versions: 
Five of the censuses were compiled and published or documented previously here:
1956: https://doi.org/10.1177/001112875600200102
1969: https://doi.org/10.1177/001112876901500208
1982: https://doi.org/10.1016/0047-2352(84)90116-8
1996: Unpublished conference paper: Hartman, Jennifer L., Lawrence F. Travis, and Ed Latessa. "Thirty-nine years of parole rules." In annual meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, Las Vegas, NV. 1996.
2008: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2010.04.032 

The data from the articles above each includes data for the stated year. The current submission compiles previously collected data and combines it with a 2020 census of parole conditions. A file that aggregates top-level data about each year, and another that provides cross walking information for the combined datasets, round out the files herein.

METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION

1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: 
The data was derived from both original research (for the 2020 census) and previously published data (for the 1956, 1969, 1982, 1996, and 2008 censuses). This data set contains qualitatively coded standard conditions of parole for each jurisdiction of the United States of America for roughly every twelve years from 1956 to 2020. 

2. Methods for processing the data: 



3. Instrument-specific information needed to interpret the data:

Data is presented in standard .csv files.

4. Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: N/A

5. Environmental/experimental conditions: N/A

6. Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: N/A

7. Codes or symbols used to note or characterize low quality/questionable outliers that people should be aware of
N/A

8. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: N/A

DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION

Please see codebook. 


SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION 

1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: Files embargoed until 2021-11-01

2. Links to publications that cite or use the data: 

3. Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: N/A

4. Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: N/A

5. Was data derived from another source?
   A. List source(s): 
Arluke, Nat R. “A Summary of Parole Rules— Thirteen Years Later.” Crime & Delinquency 15, no. 2 (April 1, 1969): 267–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/001112876901500208.

Hartman, Jennifer L., Lawrence F. Travis, and Ed Latessa. "Thirty-nine years of parole rules." In annual meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, Las Vegas, NV. 1996.

Travis, Lawrence F., and Edward J. Latessa. “‘A Summary of Parole Rules—Thirteen Years Later’: Revisited Thirteen Years Later.” Journal of Criminal Justice 12, no. 6 (January 1, 1984): 591–600. https://doi.org/10.1016/0047-2352(84)90116-8.

Travis, Lawrence F., and James Stacey. “A Half Century of Parole Rules: Conditions of Parole in the United States, 2008.” Journal of Criminal Justice 38, no. 4 (July 1, 2010): 604–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2010.04.032.

———. “A Half Century of Parole Rules: Conditions of Parole in the United States, 2008.” Journal of Criminal Justice 38, no. 4 (July 1, 2010): 604–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2010.04.032.
 

6. Recommended citation for the data:
Wiggins, Benjamin A.; Rhine, Edward E.; Mitchell, Kelly L.; Crye, Bree; Tu, Robin L. (2020). Parole Rules in the United States: Conditions of Parole in Historical Perspective, 1956-2020. Retrieved from the Data Repository for the University of Minnesota, http://hdl.handle.net/11299/217106.


Credits: Template provided by the University of Minnesota Libraries, http://lib.umn.edu/datamanagement