This readme.txt file was generated on <20241118> by <Susan Arnold>
Recommended citation for the data: 

Arnold, SA; Taylor AR; Hansen K; Agarwal, V; Low, W; Pluhar GE. Immunotherapy yields breed-specific worst survival outcomes among three investigated therapies in French bulldogs with high-grade glioma


-------------------
GENERAL INFORMATION
-------------------


1. Title of Dataset 
Clinical data from French bulldogs, boxers, and Boston terriers treated for high-grade glioma

2. Author Information


  Principal Investigator Contact Information
        Name: Susan A. Arnold
           Institution: University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine
           Address: 1352 Boyd Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108
           Email: saarnold@umn.edu
	   ORCID: 0000-0002-4081-1145

  Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information
        Name: Amanda Taylor
           Institution: Southeast Veterinary Neurology
           Address: 1124 Lynnhaven Parkway, Unit C, Virginia Beach, VA 23452
           Email: amandartsmu@gmail.com
	   ORCID: 

  Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information
        Name: Katherine Hansen
           Institution: VCA Bay Area Veterinary Specialists
           Address: 14790 Washington Avenue, San Leandro, CA 94578
           Email: katherine.hansen@vca.com
	   ORCID: 

Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information
        Name: Vijay Agarwal
           Institution: Albert Einstein College of Medicine
           Address: Montefiore Medical Center, 3316 Rochambeau Avenue, Bronx, NY 10467
           Email: katherine.hansen@vca.com
	   ORCID:

Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information
        Name: Walter C. Low
           Institution: University of Minnesota College of Medicine
           Address: 2001 6th St SE, Rm 4-216, Minneapolis, MN 55455
           Email: lowwalt@umn.edu
	   ORCID:

Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information
        Name: G. Elizabeth Pluhar
           Institution: University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine
           Address: 1352 Boyd Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108
           Email: pluha006@umn.edu
	   ORCID: 0000-0002-7881-5061

3. Date published or finalized for release: 

4. Date of data collection 20120101 to 20240101

5. Geographic location of data collection (where was data collected?):  Saint Paul, MN, Virginia Beach, VA, Davis, CA

6. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: NA

7. Overview of the data (abstract): This data set features clinical information about French bulldogs, boxers, and Boston terriers treated with immunotherapy for high-grade glioma, along with clinical information for French bulldogs treated with immunotherapy, stereotactic radiation therapy, sonodynamic therapy, and palliative care. This includes overall survival for all dogs.


--------------------------
SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION
-------------------------- 


1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: Creative Commons

2. Links to publications that cite or use the data: will update after manuscript publication

3. Was data derived from another source?
           If yes, list source(s): No

4. Terms of Use: Data Repository for the U of Minnesota (DRUM) By using these files, users agree to the Terms of Use. https://conservancy.umn.edu/pages/policies/#drum-terms-of-use




---------------------
DATA & FILE OVERVIEW
---------------------


1. File List
   A. Filename: French_bulldog_IT_SDT_SRT_palliative.csv       
      Short description: This file contains survival data for French bulldogs by treatment type

   B. Filename: French_bulldog_survival_data_OSfromdx3.csv
	Short description: This file contains survival data by breed (French bulldogs versus boxers and Boston terriers) treated with immunotherapy.    


2. Relationship between files:   These files were used independently of each other to generate survival data for two different analyses. There is some overlap in cases between the two files: French bulldogs treated with immunotherapy are present in both spreadsheets.   



--------------------------
METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION
--------------------------

1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: This was a retrospective study in which medical records from three institutions (UMN, VCA, SEVN) were queried.

2. Methods for processing the data: 
Differences in patient details between immunotherapy-treated French bulldogs, boxers and Boston terriers were examined. Chi-squared tests were used to examine differences in patient sex and tumor location. After confirming that age at diagnosis was normally distributed, a Welch’s two sample t-test was used to examine differences in age at diagnosis between breeds. Within the analysis of French bulldogs treated with four different forms of therapy, Chi-squared tests were again used to examine differences in patient sex and tumor location. After confirming normality, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine differences in age at diagnosis between treatment groups. Tukey’s post hoc testing was done to examine significant differences observed in the ANOVA.
To evaluate survival outcomes for immunotherapy-treated French bulldogs compared to other breeds, a Kaplan-Meier curve was created. A Cox proportional hazards model for multivariate analysis was created to assess the effects of breed (French bulldogs versus boxers and Boston terriers), age, sex, and treatment hazard rates on OS. Tumor location was excluded from the model because there was a high correlation between parietal location of tumors and the French bulldog breed. 
To evaluate survival outcomes for immunotherapy-treated French bulldogs compared to French bulldogs treated with either palliative care, 5-ALA and SDT, or SRT, a Kaplan-Meier curve was created. A Cox proportional hazards model for multivariate analysis was created to assess the effects of treatment, age, sex, and tumor location hazard rates on OS. 
Significance was considered with a cutoff of p < 0.05. The statistical software R 4.4.1 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) was used for all analyses.



3. Instrument- or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: R, R studio


4. Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: NA


5. Environmental/experimental conditions: Clinical records were searched for all dogs that had undergone treatment for HGO as part of one of our clinical trials between 2012 and 2023. The clinical trial protocols were approved by the University of Minnesota Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC). All dogs in these studies were first presumptively diagnosed via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a solitary intraparenchymal prosencephalic tumor with features consistent with a high-grade glioma (HGG) (6). All dogs underwent maximal, safe surgical resection and immediate post-operative MRIs to assess extent of resection. Following recovery from anesthesia, all dogs recovered in our intensive care unit for at least 24 hours. All dogs with a history of seizures continued to receive their chronic anticonvulsants as previously prescribed. All dogs were treated with a tapering course of corticosteroids over 10-14 days. Histopathology was performed on intraoperative tumor samples, and all dogs were confirmed to have HGO using the updated diagnostic classification of canine glioma. 

For inclusion, a case had to have breed, age, sex, histopathological confirmation of HGG, tumor location, and PFS and OS information available. Tumor locations were classified as frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal (including piriform lobe). French bulldogs, boxers, and Boston terriers were included. Boxers and Boston terriers were chosen as the comparison group because they belong to the same phylogenetic clade as French bulldogs and have similarly high predisposition for HGG. Yet, poor treatment response was not observed in boxers and Boston terriers in response to immunotherapy.

To investigate whether the poor treatment response in French bulldogs was limited to immunotherapy, three additional patient groups were included: French bulldogs with prosencephalic tumors suspected to be HGG treated palliatively, French bulldogs with prosencephalic tumors treated in another trial that did not involve immunotherapy, and French bulldogs with prosencephalic tumors suspected to be HGG treated with stereotactic radiation therapy. 
For the dogs treated palliatively, clinical records of all four locations of Southeast Veterinary Neurology (SEVN) were searched for all French bulldogs that had been presumptively diagnosed via MRI with high-grade glioma between 2012 and 2024. Palliative care consisted of anticonvulsants for dogs with a history of seizures secondary to their glioma and anti-inflammatory doses of corticosteroids. For inclusion in the study, the same data as detailed above were required, other than histopathological confirmation of HGO. Dogs that were euthanized within 24 hours of their MRI diagnosis were excluded.
The non-immunotherapy clinical trial consisted of the same surgical protocol as the immunotherapy trial, along with sonodynamic therapy (SDT) consisting of administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and whole-brain low-intensity diffuse ultrasound every 21-28 days. The same data as detailed for the immunotherapy patients were required.
For the dogs treated with stereotactic radiation therapy, clinical records of the University of California at Davis School of Veterinary Medicine Small Animal Clinic were searched for all French bulldogs that had been treated with stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) for presumptive high-grade glioma between 2012 and 2024. SRT consisted of three consecutive days of 8 Gray (Gy) fractions delivered by intensity-modulated or volumetric-acr radiotherapy with a Varian TrueBeam, except for one case where the dose was delivered with a Clinac linear accelerator using the BrainLab cone system as described elsewhere. For inclusion in the study, the same data as detailed above for dogs treated palliatively were required. 


6. Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: NA


7. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission:
Susan A. Arnold, Amanda Taylor, Katherine Hansen, Vijay Agarwal, Walter Low, G. Elizabeth Pluhar





-----------------------------------------
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: [FILENAME]
-----------------------------------------
<create sections for each dataset included>


1. Number of variables: 5


2. Number of cases/rows: 85




3. Missing data codes:
        Code/symbol        Definition
        Code/symbol        Definition


4. Variable List
                  

    A. Name: <Breed>
       Description: The three breeds included in this analysis are French bulldogs, boxers, and Boston terriers. These three breeds are phylogenetically similar to each other, yet French bulldogs with high grade glioma have a worse survival outcome than the other two breeds when treated with immunotherapy


    B. Name: <Age>
       Description: Patient age in years

	C. Name: <Sex>
       Description: Patient sex (intact male, neutered male, intact female, spayed female)

	D. Name: <Tumor location>
       Description: Frontal, parietal, temporal, or occipital lobe tumor location

	E. Name: <Treatment type>
       Description: Immunotherapy, stereotactic radiation therapy, sonodynamic therapy, 		palliative care