This readme.txt file was generated on 2023-06-29 by DiGiacomo, Gigi Recommended citation for the data: DiGiacomo, Gigi; Hutchison, William. (2023). Minnesota Apple Survey 2023: Results Summary. Retrieved from the Data Repository for the University of Minnesota, https://doi.org/10.13020/7ss4-wx42. ___________________________ GENERAL INFORMATION ____________________________ 1. Title of Dataset: Minnesota Apple Survey 2023: Results Summary 2. Author Information Author Contact: Gigi DiGiacomo (gigid@umn.edu) Name: Gigi DiGiacomo Institution: University of Minnesota Email: gigid@umn.edu ORCID:000-0003-0301-7361 Author Contact: William Hutchison (hutch002@umn.edu) Name: William Hutchison Institution: University of Minnesota Email: hutch002@umn.edu ORCID:000-0002-5456-3277 3. Date published or finalized for release: 2023-07-03 4. Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date): 2023-01-02 to 2023-04-30 5. Geographic location of data collection (where was data collected?): Minnesota 6. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: The survey and this report were supported with funding from the Minnesota Department of Agriculture for the project "Expanding the Use of Hail Netting for Non-Chemical Insect Pest Management in Apple" (grant #3005-11506UMSPR-00090681-1). 7. Overview of the data (abstract): A research team at the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities developed, tested and fielded a state-wide survey January 2, 2023 - April 30, 2023 to: 1) quantify the value of apple (Malus domestica) production and agritourism on orchards in the state; 2) to identify common marketing strategies among apple growers; and 3) to ascertain pest management needs of apple growers. The target survey population included owners/operators of apple orchards in Minnesota. Individual email contacts were compiled primarily with the help and permission of membership organizations (Minnesota Apple Growers Association, Minnesota Fruit and Vegetable Growers Association, Minnesota Grown) using direct and anonymous survey links. Anonymous survey links were also posted on Social media sites (Facebook) to invite additional voluntary participation. Surveys were distributed to 354 eligible participants. Survey recipients were informed of the study protocol in the cover page of the survey. A University of Minnesota contact was provided on the cover page to address questions and/or concerns. A total of 107 individuals opened the survey and, of those, 71 reported growing apples and were eligible to continue the survey. Twenty-eight percent of the respondents opted out of the survey after completing the first question; thus the final number of survey participants who had completed more than one question was 51 individuals (14% response rate). Survey data, reflecting the 2022 apple production season, have been cleaned of disclosive information and compiled into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Only responses from complete surveys are included. The 120 spreadsheet variables address: demographics, employment, gross revenue, apple production (varieties grown and total yield), sales channels, yield losses, pest and disease issues, pest management strategies, and Extension/research information needs. ___________________________________ SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION ___________________________________ 1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: CC0 1.0 Universal (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) 2. Links to publications that cite or use the data: 3. Was data derived from another source? No 4. Terms of Use: Data Repository for the U of Minnesota (DRUM) By using these files, users agree to the Terms of Use. https:// conservancy.umn.edu/pages/drum/policies/#terms-of-use _____________________________ DATA & FILE OVERVIEW _____________________________ 1. File List Filename: Apple Survey Results Summary 20230710.pdf Short description: contains detailed information about survey implementation and results Filename: Minnesota Apple Survey.pdf Short description: Qualtrics survey and informed consent Filename: 2023 Apple Survey Data_DRUM.xlsx Short description: cleaned dataset Filename: 2023 Apple Survey Data_DRUM.csv Short description: cleaned dataset transformed to csv for preservation and interoperability 2. Relationship between files: "Minnesota Apply Survey" is the intrument used to collect the data. "2023 Apple Survey Data DRUM" is the cleaned dataset resulting from the survey and used for the descriptive statistics analysis presented in the “Apple Survey Results Summary 20230710”. "2023 Apple Survey Data DRUM" is the name of two files: one in xlsx format and one in csv format. ____________________________________ METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION ____________________________________ 1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: The electronic questionnaire, consisting of 20 questions, was constructed using the Tailored Design Method and formatted in Qualtrics. Results were cleaned of disclosive information and compiled into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. 2. Methods for processing the data: Data were submitted using Qualtrics and downloaded directly from the electronic platform as an Excel file. Data were cleaned to remove disclosure information such as zip codes, GPS co-ordinates and response dates/times. Responses were converted to binary variables where appropriate. Descriptive statistics were calculated using the average, median, standard deviation, minimum and maximum response numbers. 3. Instrument- or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: Microsoft Excel 4. Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: 5. Environmental/experimental conditions: 6. Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: 7. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: Gigi DiGiacomo (sample collection, processing and submission) and Suzanne Wold-Burkness (sample collection). ___________________________________________________ DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: 2023 Apple Survey Data_DRUM.xlsx ____________________________________________________ 1. Number of variables: 120 2. Number of cases/rows: 53 3. Missing data codes: NA No answer 4. Variable List A. Name: Survey # Description: Assigned number of completed survey B. Name: Q1 Description: Apple grower? Yes = 1 No = 2 C. Name: Q2 Description: Orchard zip code location D. Name: Q3 Description: Number of years growing apples E. Name: Q4_1 Description: Number of full-time, year-round employees F. Name: Q4_2 Description: Number of part-time, year-round employees G. Name: Q4_3 Description: Number of full-time, seasonal employees H. Name: Q4_4 Description: Number of part-time, seasonal employees I. Name: Q4_5 Description: Number of employees, other J. Name: Q5_1 Description: Value of gross sales of fresh apples K. Name: Q5_2 Description: Value of gross sales of processed apples L. Name: Q5_3 Description: Value of gross sales from agritourism M. Name: Q5_4 Description: Value of gross sales, other N. Name: Q6_1 Description: Number of acres of apples, bearing O. Name: Q6_2 Description: Number of acres of apples, non-bearing P. Name: Q7_1_1 Description: Total yield of Chestnut Crab apples (# bushels) Q. Name: Q7_2_1 Description: Total yield of Cortland apples (# bushels) R. Name: Q7_3_1 Description: Total yield of Fireside apples (# bushels) S. Name: Q7_4_1 Description: Total yield of First Kiss apples (# bushels) T. Name: Q7_5_1 Description: Total yield of Frostbite apples (# bushels) U. Name: Q7_6_1 Description: Total yield of Haralson apples (# bushels) V. Name: Q7_7 Description: Total yield of Honeycrisp apples (# bushels) W. Name: Q7_8 Description: Total yield of Honeygold apples (# bushels) X. Name: Q7_9_ Description: Total yield of MacIntosh apples (# bushels) Y. Name: Q7_10 Description: Total yield of Regent apples (# bushels) Z. Name: Q7_11 Description: Total yield of Snowsweet apples (# bushels) AA. Name: Q7_12 Description: Total yield of SweeTango (Minneiska) apples (# bushels) AB: Name: Q7_13 Description: Total yield of Sweet 16 apples (# bushels) AC: Name: Q7_14 Description: Total yield of Triumph apples (# bushels) AD: Name: Q7_15 Description: Total yield of Zestar! apples (# bushels) AE: Name: Q7_16 Description: Total yield of other apples (# bushels) AF: Name: Q8_1_1 Description: Percent of apples sold fresh on farm AG: Name: Q8_1_2 Description: Percent of apples sold at farmers market AH: Name: Q8_1_3 Description: Percent of apples sold via CSA (community supported agriculture) AI: Name: Q8_1_4 Description: Percent of apples sold fresh to wholesalers AJ: Name: Q8_1_5 Description: Percent of apples sold fresh to retailers AK: Name: Q8_1_6 Description: Percent of apples sold fresh to institutions AL: Name: Q8_2_1 Description: Percent of apples sold processed on farm AM: Name: Q8_2_2 Description: Percent of apples sold processed at farmers markets AN: Name: Q8_2_3 Description: Percent of apples sold processed via CSA (community supported agriculture) AO: Name: Q8_2_4 Description: Percent of apples sold processed to wholesalers AP: Name: Q8_2_5 Description: Percent of apples sold processed to retailers AQ: Name: Q8_2_6 Description: Percent of apples sold processed to institutions AR: Name: Q9_1 Description: Percent of yield loss to major diseases AS: Name: Q9_2 Description: Percent of yield loss to insects or mites AT: Name: Q9_3 Description: Percent of yield loss to weather AU: Name: Q9_4 Description: Percent of yield loss to other AV: Name: Q10_1_RANK Description: Degree of production problem, pre-mature apple drop (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) AW: Name: Q10_2_RANK Description: Degree of production problem, damaged skin (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) AX: Name: Q10_3_RANK Description: Degree of production problem, damaged fruit (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) AY: Name: Q10_4_RANK Description: Degree of production problem, low yields (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) AZ: Name: Q10_5_RANK Description: Degree of production problem, small fruit size (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BA: Name: Q10_6_RANK Description: Degree of production problem, hail damage (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BB: Name: Q11_1_RANK Description: Degree of pest problem, aphids (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BC: Name: Q11_2_RANK Description: Degree of pest problem, apple curculio (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BD: Name: Q11_3_RANK Description: Degree of pest problem, apple maggot (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BE: Name: Q11_4_RANK Description: Degree of pest problem, borers (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BF: Name: Q11_5_RANK Description: Degree of pest problem, codling moth (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BG: Name: Q11_6_RANK Description: Degree of pest problem, green fruitworms (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BH: Name: Q11_7_RANK Description: Degree of pest problem, Japanese beetle (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BI: Name: Q11_8_RANK Description: Degree of pest problem, leafrollers (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BJ: Name: Q11_9_RANK Description: Degree of pest problem, plum curculio (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BK: Name: Q11_10_RANK Description: Degree of pest problem, potato leafhopper (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BL: Name: Q11_11_RANK Description: Degree of pest problem, spider mites (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BM: Name: Q11_12_RANK Description: Degree of pest problem, other (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BN: Name: Q12_1_RANK Description: Degree of disease problem, apple scab (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BO: Name: Q12_2_RANK Description: Degree of disease problem, bitter pit (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BP: Name: Q12_3_RANK Description: Degree of disease problem, bitter rot (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BQ: Name: Q12_4_RANK Description: Degree of disease problem, black rot (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BR: Name: Q12_5_RANK Description: Degree of disease problem, cedar apple rust (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BS: Name: Q12_6_RANK Description: Degree of disease problem, fire blight (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BT: Name: Q12_7_RANK Description: Degree of disease problem, fly speck (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BU: Name: Q12_8_RANK Description: Degree of disease problem, powdery mildew (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BV: Name: Q12_9_RANK Description: Degree of disease problem, rust (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BW: Name: Q12_10_RANK Description: Degree of disease problem, sooty blotch (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BX: Name: Q12_11_RANK Description: Degree of disease problem, white rot (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BY: Name: Q12_12_RANK Description: Degree of disease problem, other (where 0 = no problem, 1 = small problem, 2 = moderate problem, 3 = big problem, 4 = very big problem) BZ: Name: Q13_1 Description: Integrated pest management (IPM) used to manage damage from weather, pests and disease in apple orchard (0 = no, 1 =yes) CA: Name: Q13_2 Description: Organic pest management used to manage damage from weather, pests and disease in apple orchard (0 = no, 1 =yes) CB: Name: Q13_3 Description: Chemicals, organic used to manage damage from weather, pests and disease in apple orchard (0 = no, 1 =yes) CC: Name: Q13_4 Description: Chemicals, conventional used to manage damage from weather, pests and disease in apple orchard (0 = no, 1 =yes) CD: Name: Q13_5 Description: Exclusion netting used to manage damage from weather, pests and disease in apple orchard (0 = no, 1 =yes) CE: Name: Q13_6 Description: Mating disruption used to manage damage from weather, pests and disease in apple orchard (0 = no, 1 =yes) CF: Name: Q13_7 Description: Monitoring traps used to manage damage from weather, pests and disease in apple orchard (0 = no, 1 =yes) CG: Name: Q13_8 Description: Calendar-based insecticides used to manage damage from weather, pests and disease in apple orchard (0 = no, 1 =yes) CH: Name: Q13_9 Description: Cultural practices used to manage damage from weather, pests and disease in apple orchard (0 = no, 1 =yes) CI: Name: Q13_10 Description: Other used to managed damage from weather, pests and disease in apple orchard (0 = no, 1 =yes) CJ: Name: Q14_1_1 Description: Number of organic insecticide brands used in 2022 CK: Name: Q14_1_2 Description: Number of synthetic (non-organic) insecticide brands used in 2022 CL: Name: Q14_2_1 Description: Number of organic insecticide applications in 2022 CM: Name: Q14_2_2 Description: Number of synthetic (non-organic) insecticide applications in 2022 CN: Name: Q15_1 Description: Quantity ($) spent on pest management in 2022 (materials only, does not include labor) CO: Name : Q16 Description: Interest in using insecticide alternatives in the future (1 = yes, 2 = no, 3 = maybe, if had more information) CP: Name: Q17_1 Description: Concern about using insecticide alternatives, too expensive (0 = no, 1 = yes) CQ: Name: Q17_2 Description: Concern about using insecticide alternatives, ineffective (0 = no, 1 = yes) CR: Name: Q17_3 Description: Concern about using insecticide alternatives, training required (0 = no, 1 = yes) CS: Name: Q17_4 Description: Concern about using insecticide alternatives, labor required (0 = no, 1 = yes) CT: Name: Q17_5 Description: Concern about using insecticide alternatives, other (0 = no, 1 = yes) CU: Name: Q18_1 Description: Benefits of using insecticide alternatives, worker safety (0 = no, 1 = yes) CV: Name: Q18_2 Description: Benefits of using insecticide alternatives, customers prefer (0 = no, 1 = yes) CW: Name: Q18_3 Description: Benefits of using insecticide alternatives, price premiums (0 = no, 1 = yes) CX: Name: Q18_4 Description: Benefits of using insecticide alternatives, environmental benefits (0 = no, 1 = yes) CY: Name: Q18_5 Description: Benefits of using insecticide alternatives, cost savings (0 = no, 1 = yes) CZ: Name: Q18_6 Description: Benefits of using insecticide alternatives, other (0 = no, 1 = yes) DA: Name: Q19_0_1_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, integrated pest management (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DB: Name: Q19_0_2_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, marketing (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DC: Name: Q19_0_3_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, succession planning (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DD: Name: Q19_0_4_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, pricing (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DE: Name: Q19_0_5_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, insecticide alternatives (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DF: Name: Q19_0_6_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, fruit quality (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DG: Name: Q19_0_7_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, variety selection (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DH: Name: Q19_0_8_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, disease management (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DI: Name: Q19_0_9_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, crop load management (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DJ: Name: Q19_0_10_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, fertility management (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DK: Name: Q19_0_11_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, pruning (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DL: Name: Q19_0_12_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, budgeting and finances (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DM: Name: Q19_0_13_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, managing surpluses (1 = most important, 5 = least important) DN: Name: Q19_0_14_RANK Description: Top five most important topics that Extension educators and researchers can work on to help apple growers be more successful with their business, hiring and training labor (1 = most important, 5 = least important)