This readme.txt file was generated on 20241210 by Borgida, E. and edited by data curator 20241211

Recommended citation for the data: Robiner, William; Borgida, Eugene. (2024). Judicial Homicides Research By Robiner and Borgida. Retrieved from the Data Repository for the University of Minnesota (DRUM), https://doi.org/10.13020/4A9X-X803.


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GENERAL INFORMATION
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1. Judicial Homicides Research By Robiner and Borgida

2. Author Information

  Principal Investigator Contact Information
        Name: William Robiner
           Institution: University of Minnesota, Department of Medicine
           Address: 401 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN 55455
           Email: robin005@umn.edu
	   ORCID: 0000-0003-3928-2407

  Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information
        Name: Eugene Borgida
           Institution: University of Minnesota, Department of Psychology
           Address: 75 East River Rd.
           Email: borgi001@umn.edu
	   ORCID: 0000-0003-1446-7149

3. Date published or finalized for release: 20241205

4. Date of data collection: 20241101 to 20241201 

5. Geographic location of data collection: Minneapolis MN USA 

6. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: N/A

7. Overview of the data (abstract): 
We conducted a systematic review of the incidence of homicides of U.S. judges to date. The
psychological impact of violence on judges and, organizationally, how the judicial system
responds to the threat of judicial homicide, remains a critical public policy issue. We reviewed
various databases, news accounts, and the National Violent Death Reporting System to identify
and compile cases of homicides of judges. Since the 1800s, 55 cases of homicides of judges were
identified. Only one additional unique case of judicial homicide was identified through the 
National Violent Death Reporting System (2003-2021) reflecting the relative newness of the database 
and incomplete state of reporting as well as the relative rarity of judicial homicides. Among these homicides, 
nearly all decedents were men. More than half of the homicides appeared to have a connection to work. 
Firearms were the most common method of attack. Although violence is not uncommon in U.S. courts, 
homicides of judges remain are relatively rare. Homicide nevertheless is an occupational hazard and 
potential threat for judges making it essential that public policy and effective security measures be
employed to safeguard judges along with strategies for mitigating stress and providing coping
resources for judges. We advocate for the development of a comprehensive national database
that would be an invaluable data-driven resource for gauging risk and refining risk management
policies in the judicial system. Such a database could be instrumental in proactively decreasing
the incidence of homicides of judges.


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SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION
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1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: 
Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

2. Links to publications that cite or use the data: forthcoming

3. Was data derived from another source? Yes, this is a systematic review. All sources will be listed in the manuscript.

4. Terms of Use: Data Repository for the U of Minnesota (DRUM) By using these files, users agree to the Terms of Use. https://conservancy.umn.edu/pages/policies/#drum-terms-of-use


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DATA & FILE OVERVIEW
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1. File List
   A. Filename: DRUM_APAPsycInfoSearch_2024-11-19_301results.pdf        
      Short description:   APA PsycInfo Search results     

   B. Filename: DRUM_PubMedSearch_2024-11-19_57results.pdf      
      Short description:  PubMed Search results      
        
   C. Filename: DRUM_WestlawPrecisionSearch_2024-11-19_371results.pdf      
      Short description: Westlaw Search results


2. Relationship between files: Information on literature searches performed in three databases: APA PsycINFO, PubMed, and Westlaw Precision Search     


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METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION
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1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: Systematic review of the literature

2. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: Scott Dewey, University of Minnesota Law Library