This readme file was generated on 2018-01-04 by Ajay B. Limaye ------------------- GENERAL INFORMATION ------------------- 1. Title of Dataset Topography, image, and flow modeling data for experimental density currents, St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2015-2017 2. Author Information Name: Limaye, Ajay B. Institution: University of Minnesota Address: St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd Ave. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55414 Email: aslimaye@umn.edu 3. Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date) Approximately 2015-04-01 to 2017-6-21 4. Geographic location of data collection (where was data collected?): St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota 5. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: This work was supported by the St. Anthony Falls Laboratory Industrial Consortium -------------------------- SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION -------------------------- 1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 United States (CC BY-NC 3.0 US) 2. Links to publications that cite or use the data: Limaye, A.B., Grimaud, J.-L., Lai, S.Y.J., Foreman, Y., Komatsu, Y., and Paola, C., 2018, Geometry and dynamics of braided channels, bars, and associated deposits under experimental density currents, Sedimentology 3. Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: The flow model files were generated using CAESAR-Lisflood 1.9b by Tom Coulthard, which was downloaded from https://sourceforge.net/projects/caesar-lisflood/ 4. Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: None 5. Was data derived from another source? If yes, list source(s): No 6. Recommended citation for the data: Limaye, A. B. (2018) Topography, image, and flow modeling data for experimental density currents, St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2015-2017. Retrieved from the University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy, http://hdl.handle.net/:69053. --------------------- DATA & FILE OVERVIEW --------------------- 1. File List A. density_current_files.zip Short description: This zip archive contains all relevant project files organized into separate folders B. topography_files.zip Short description: This zip archive contains raw and processed topography data C. flow_model_files.zip Short description: This zip archive contains files related to flow modeling - including parameters for the model, time-series of water depth maps, and water and sediment outputs from the model domain D. flow_analysis_files.zip Short description: This zip archive contains summary statistics and innundation maps generated with the flow model E. movie_files.zip Short description: This zip archive contains movie and jpg snapshots from two of the experiments (submarine1 and submarine3) 2. Relationship between files: topography_files.zip, flow_model_files.zip, flow_analysis_files.zip, and movie_files.zip are subfolders within density_current_files.zip 3. Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: None 4. Are there multiple versions of the dataset? yes/no No -------------------------- METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION -------------------------- 1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: Topography data were collected with a camera and laser-line scanner. Images were collected using a downward-looking digital SLR camera mounted over the basin. 2. Methods for processing the data: The topography data were processed to remove artifacts and convert the data for input to the flow model CAESAR-LISFLOOD. The MATLAB scripts for this processing are included here. The flow model files were generated using CAESAR-LISFLOOD in Reach Mode. Movies were generated using Windows Movie Maker. 3. Instrument- or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: Data files with the extension .mat are readable in MATLAB and were last used with version R2015b. The flow model CAESAR-LISFOOD runs in Windows. 4. Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: None 5. Environmental/experimental conditions: All experiments were conducted in a custom-built basin. Flow and sediment were introduced to the basin and constructed a dynamic landscape and sedimentary deposits. The experiment was operated under two basin conditions (submarine and subaerial) and two inlet conditions (line-source and point-source). Under the submarine basin condition, the basin was initially filled with fresh water and the inlet flow was a pre-mixed salt water solution with a density of 1.20 +/- 0.05 g/cm^3. Sediment was introduced with a sediment feeder, fell through the water column, and was entrained by the flow. The flow and sediment moved downstream, following the bottom slope of the basin. Under the subaerial basin condition, the water level in the basin was fixed at a lower level, so that the flow and sediment fed to the basin constructed a deposit subaerially. In this basin condition, the flow consisted of fresh water (rather than salt water). Under the line-source inlet condition, flow and sediment were introduced quasi-uniformly across the width of the basin. Under the point-source inlet condition, flow and sediment emanated from a more localized feed location. The experiments used the following conditions for flow discharge (Q_w, L/s), sediment discharge (Q_s, L/s), and run time (t, min). subaerial1: Q_w = 0.0466, Q_s = 0.0046, t = 270 subaerial2: Q_w = 0.0371, Q_s = 0.0035, t = 705 submarine1: Q_w = 0.046, Q_s = 0.046, t = 250 submarine2: Q_w = 0.046, Q_s = 0.0023, t = 360 submarine3: Q_w = 0.0625, Q_s = 0.0023, t = 750 submarine4: Q_w = 0.035, Q_s = 0.0035, t = 300 submarine5: Q_w = 0.065, Q_s = 0.0035, t = 210 submarine6: Q_w = 0.035, Q_s = 0.0035, t = 120 6. Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: The topography data in this repository were all acquired after the basin was drained of water. This procedure prevented distortions in the digital elevation models due to refraction effects. For each experiment, images were collected under consistent lighting conditions. 7. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: Ajay B. Limaye, University of Minnesota Jean-Louis Grimaud, PSL Research University, Centre de Géosciences ---------------------------------------------------------------- DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: density_current_files.zip ---------------------------------------------------------------- The files are organized in a .zip archive in the following subfolders: 'topography_files', 'flow_model_files', 'flow_analysis_files', and 'movie_files'. These 4 subfolders are also available as separate downloads. The folder 'topography_files' contains digital elevation model (DEM) data in ASCII format. Each file is stored in a subfolder whose name corresponds to a run of the experiment. Files entitled 'dem_scan...' represent the raw topography data; files entitled 'dem_detrended_scan...' have been processed to remove the local mean elevation in a 100 x 100 pixel window. The subfolders are: - subaerial1. Files: dem_scan_0019.txt, dem_detrended_scan_0019.txt (experiment time = 270 minutes) - subaerial2. Files: dem_scan_0052.txt, dem_detrended_scan_0052.txt (experiment time = 705 minutes) - submarine1. Files: dem_scan_0020.txt, dem_detrended_scan_0020.txt (experiment time = 250 minutes) - submarine2. Files: dem_scan_0030.txt, dem_detrended_scan_0030.txt (experiment time = 360 minutes) - submarine3. Files: dem_scan_0013.txt, dem_scan_0017.txt, dem_scan_0019.txt, dem_scan_0022.txt, dem_scan_0024, dem_scan_0027 (experiment time = 330, 450, 510, 600, 660, and 750 minutes, respectively); dem_detrended_scan_0013.txt, dem_detrended_scan_0017.txt, dem_detrended_scan_0019.txt, dem_detrended_scan_0022.txt, dem_detrended_scan_0024, dem_detrended_scan_0027 - submarine4. Files: dem_scan_0012.txt, dem_detrended_scan_0012.txt (experiment time = 300 minutes) - submarine5. Files: dem_scan_0011.txt, dem_detrended_scan_0011.txt (experiment time = 210 minutes) - submarine6. Files: dem_scan_0004.txt, dem_detrended_scan_0004.txt (experiment time = 120 minutes) The folder 'flow_model_files' contains files related to flow modeling with CAESAR-LISFLOOD version 1.9b. Using fixed parameters, the flow model was applied to elevation data to map bars and channels using inundation patterns. See SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION for information on downloading the model. The elevation data were downsampled by a factor of 10. Subfolders include: - runfiles_common. The files in this subfolder specify parameters and settings for running CAESAR-LISFLOOD. All files are in ASCII format. The files are 'CAESAR-lisflood 1.9b.exe.config', which raises the memory accessible by the model; 'discharge_logspaced.txt', which specifies the sequence of modeled discharges applied to each DEM; and 'run_parameters.xml', which stores other model parameters. -depth_maps. This subfolder contains the time-series of water depth maps used to map inundation across each DEM. There are subfolders for each run ('subaerial1','subaerial2','submarine1','submarine2','submarine3','submarine4','submarine5','submarine6'). Within each of these subfolders, there is a subfolder for each downsampled DEM file the flow model was applied to (e.g., 'dem_scan_0019'). Within each of these lowest subfolders, there are three file types: --ASCII files containing the time-series of water depth maps. The file naming convention is waterdepth[time].txt, where time is the numeric value in minutes. Each time has an associated input water discharge. The series of input water discharges is in discharge_logspaced.txt (see above), and the time step for the discharge increments is 60 minutes, as indicated in the model parameter file run_parameters.xml (see above). --Text files ('Qout_timeseries.dat') containing the time-series of water and sediment outputs from the model domain. --Text files ('dem_caesar.txt') with the elevation data formatted for CAESAR-LISFLOOD. The folder 'flow_analysis_files' contains summary statistics and inundation maps generated with the flow model. The statistics and maps correpond to the inundation map that produced the maximum in the mean braiding index (i.e., the average number of wet areas measured in a cross section perpendicular to the mean flow direction). The subfolder organization matches the organization for the subfolder 'depth_maps' in 'flow_model_files'. Within each of the lowest subfolders, there is a MATLAB binary data file named 'stats_max_braiding_index.mat'. This file contains the following variables: 'Qmodel_star': The dimensionless, modeled water discharge that corresponds to the inunundation map. 'bar_data': A structure array with fields 'number' (number of bars), 'area' (bar area in m^2), 'width' (bar width in m), 'length' (bar length in m), and 'downstream_distance' (mean downstream distance of each bar). 'bars_bw': A binary image with bar pixels set to 1 and non-bar pixels set to 0. 'braiding_index_cross_section_locations': Downstream distance (m) for each cross section location. 'braiding_index_cross_sections': The number of distinct wet areas measured at each cross-section location. 'braiding_index_max': The mean of 'braiding_index_cross_sections' ('_max' is used in the variable name to indicate that this is the maximum of the mean braiding index across all of the modeled discharges). 'depth_filename': The relative file path to the file that stores the water depth map. 'flow_depth': Array of modeled water depth values (in meters). 'flow_depth_threshold': Threshold depth (in meters) applied to the 'flow_depth' map as part of the bar mapping procedure. The folder 'movie_files' contains movie files for runs submarine1 and submarine3. The files for each run are stored in subfolders with the same same. Each subfolder contains a movie file in MPEG-4 format ('movie.mp4') and a folder 'movie_frames' with the still images (.jpg format). The images are named sequentially (i.e, 'frame_0001.jpg', 'frame_0002.jpg',...) and were acquired at approximately 1-minute intervals during each of the runs.