This readme.txt file was generated on <20230224> by Julia Brokaw Recommended citation for the data: ------------------- GENERAL INFORMATION ------------------- 1. Title of Dataset: R code and data for: Prescribed fire increases the number of ground-nesting bee nests in tallgrass prairie remnants 2. Author Information Principal Investigator Contact Information Name: Julia Brokaw Institution: University of Minnesota Address: Email: broka028@umn.edu ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9091-927X Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information Name: Zachary, M Portman Institution: University of Minnesota Address: Email: ORCID: Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information Name: Bethanne Bruninga-Socolar Institution: University of Minnesota, Albright College Address: Email: ORCID: Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information Name: Daniel Cariveau Institution: University of Minnesota Address: Email: ORCID: 3. Date published or finalized for release: 4. Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date) 2019-06-13 to 2019-08-22 5. Geographic location of data collection (where was data collected?): Murray County, MN Big Stone County, MN Lyon County, MN 6. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund (M.L. 2017, Chp. 96, Sec. 2, Subd. 03n) Prairie Biotic Research Inc Society for Ecological Restoration Midwest Great Lakes Chapter Wallace and Mary Lee Dayton Fund of the Bell Museum of Natural History National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program (Grant No. 1839286) 7. Overview of the data (abstract): Bees were collected using emergence traps from June 13, 2019 to August 22, 2019 from four remnant prairie sites in western Minnesota that were patch burned in spring of 2019 to determine whether ground-nesting bees prefer to nest in burned or unburned areas of prairies. Bees were identified to species and the number of nests was used to determine community similarity using Bray-Curtis index and to determine the Effective Number of Species of bees. For each site and sample round, we also measured various characteristics of the floral community and microhabitat that may relate to bee nesting preferences. We measured floral abundance by counting flowers and determining average flowers per site and round. We also measured flower diversity by identifying flowering species every site and round. We determined floral community similarity using the Bray-Curtis index and determined the Effective Number of Species using the species and abundance data for the floral community. We also measured mean percent bare ground, mean vegetative cover, and mean thatch depth per site and same round. -------------------------- SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION -------------------------- 1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: 2. Links to publications that cite or use the data: Brokaw et al. (2023) Prescribed fire increases the number of ground-nesting bee nests in tallgrass prairie remnants. Insect Conservation and Diversity. 3. Was data derived from another source? No If yes, list source(s): 4. Terms of Use: Data Repository for the U of Minnesota (DRUM) By using these files, users agree to the Terms of Use. https://conservancy.umn.edu/pages/drum/policies/#terms-of-use --------------------- DATA & FILE OVERVIEW --------------------- 1. File List A. Filename: masterfile.csv Short description: Masterfile of the summarized data per site and round B. Filename: bn2_nmds_m.csv Short description: Metadata for PERMANOVA C. Filename: flowermatrix1.csv Short description: Matrix of flower species per site and treatment D. Filename: beematrix1.csv Short description: Matrix of actively nesting ground-nesting bee species per site and treatment E. Filename:slopetable.csv Short description: Slope data E. Filename:full_emergencetrapping_beedata.csv Short description: Full bee specimen dataset 2. Relationship between files: R code reads in and analyzes data from the masterfile, the matrices for flowers and bees and the associated metatdata (used for the PERMANOVA), and the slope table. The raw data of the bees is for reference and was used to create some of the summaries for the master file. Raw data for flower surveys and microhabitat data is available upon request. -------------------------- METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION -------------------------- 1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: Detailed methods can be found in Brokaw et al. 2023 and Portman et al. (in prep) and a brief description is included here. we collected bees using emergence traps in four remnant prairie sites that were patch burned in 2019. Each site had 8 sample rounds throughout the summer that lasted 6-10 days. Each treatment(burned or unburned) had 21 emergence traps (42 traps per site). The open, functional inflorescences of any flowering forbs were counted and identified to species in 20 1-m2 quadrats in each burned and unburned patch at the beginning of each sample round to determine floral abundance and flowering plant species richness. In cases with highly abundant plant species with clusters of inflorescences that make it difficult to count individual flowers, an average number of flowers per cluster was calculated to determine total number of flowers in a quadrat. Flowers in the Asteraceae family in which a single flower head consists of many individual flowers were counted as one flower. Quadrats were placed in two parallel transects of ten quadrats separated by approximately four meters and were adjacent to the emergence trap transects. Following a sample round, microhabitat variables were recorded underneath a random subset of 12 traps per site. Beneath the sampled traps, the percent bare ground, percent vegetation cover, percent thatch, thatch thickness, slope and aspect were recorded by visual estimation by one observer. Importantly, the amount of bare ground refers both to open, bare soil present under a trap and any exposed soil seen at the base of or underneath vegetation. Slope and aspect were categorized based on the presence of a slope vs flat ground and aspects known to be favorable to bee nesting. To determine the estimated number of active nests, we scored all specimens based on their species, sex, overwintering strategy and the amount of wing and mandible wear, which would accrue from foraging and digging nests. Two independent observers (JB and ZP) determined if a bee was “worn” or “unworn” from the presence of frayed or ragged wing edges and from the dullness or worn-down tips of the mandibles. Active nests of solitary species were characterized by the presence of a worn female in a trap. For social species, we assigned all individuals of a given species caught in a single trap as originating from one nest to avoid inflating the number of nests. Traps were placed starting in mid-June to avoid catching overwintering adult bees emerging from hibernacula. Because the burn treatment was in the spring of 2019, we also excluded bees that were likely emerging from nests provisioned the previous year, which were characterized by the presence of single or multiple unworn solitary ground-nesting individuals of the same species that overwinter in the natal cell, all caught in the same trap. Cleptoparasites, stem-nesting bees, cavity-nesting species, and males were excluded from the analysis because they do not excavate their own nests underground. 2. Methods for processing the data: The master file summarizes or averages values from across each site and sample round. The matrix for bees includes only the actively nesting ground-nesting bee species and uses the total number of active nests as the unit for each site and treatment. The matrix for flowers includes the plant species for every site and treatment, and the unit is the number of flowers counted for each species. 3. Instrument- or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: The analyses we presented here were run in R version 3.6.2. Packages used: lme4, DHARMa, lmerTest, tidyverse, vegan, ggplot2, GGally > sessionInfo() R version 3.6.2 (2019-12-12) Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit) Running under: Windows 10 x64 (build 19045) Matrix products: default locale: [1] LC_COLLATE=English_United States.1252 LC_CTYPE=English_United States.1252 [3] LC_MONETARY=English_United States.1252 LC_NUMERIC=C [5] LC_TIME=English_United States.1252 attached base packages: [1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base other attached packages: [1] GGally_2.1.2 vegan_2.6-2 lattice_0.20-38 permute_0.9-7 forcats_0.5.1 stringr_1.4.0 [7] dplyr_1.0.6 purrr_0.3.4 readr_1.4.0 tidyr_1.1.3 tibble_3.1.1 ggplot2_3.3.6 [13] tidyverse_1.3.1 DHARMa_0.4.5 lmerTest_3.1-3 lme4_1.1-26 Matrix_1.2-18 loaded via a namespace (and not attached): [1] httr_1.4.2 jsonlite_1.7.2 splines_3.6.2 modelr_0.1.8 gap_1.2.3-1 [6] assertthat_0.2.1 statmod_1.4.36 cellranger_1.1.0 progress_1.2.2 numDeriv_2016.8-1.1 [11] pillar_1.7.0 backports_1.2.1 glue_1.4.2 digest_0.6.27 RColorBrewer_1.1-3 [16] ggsignif_0.6.3 rvest_1.0.2 minqa_1.2.4 colorspace_2.0-1 sandwich_3.0-2 [21] plyr_1.8.7 pkgconfig_2.0.3 broom_0.8.0 haven_2.4.1 mvtnorm_1.1-1 [26] scales_1.2.0 mgcv_1.8-31 farver_2.1.0 generics_0.1.2 ellipsis_0.3.2 [31] TH.data_1.1-1 pacman_0.5.1 withr_2.5.0 cli_3.2.0 survival_3.1-8 [36] magrittr_2.0.1 crayon_1.5.1 readxl_1.3.1 fs_1.5.0 fansi_0.4.2 [41] nlme_3.1-142 MASS_7.3-51.4 xml2_1.3.2 prettyunits_1.1.1 tools_3.6.2 [46] hms_1.1.1 lifecycle_1.0.1 multcomp_1.4-20 munsell_0.5.0 reprex_2.0.2 [51] cluster_2.1.0 compiler_3.6.2 rlang_1.0.2 grid_3.6.2 nloptr_1.2.2.2 [56] rstudioapi_0.13 labeling_0.4.2 boot_1.3-23 gtable_0.3.0 codetools_0.2-16 [61] DBI_1.1.2 reshape_0.8.9 R6_2.5.1 zoo_1.8-9 lubridate_1.7.10 [66] utf8_1.2.1 stringi_1.6.1 parallel_3.6.2 Rcpp_1.0.6 vctrs_0.3.8 [71] dbplyr_2.1.1 tidyselect_1.1.1 4. Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: 5. Environmental/experimental conditions: The study was conducted in remnant prairies of western Minnesota that were all partially burned in 2019. Each site has a paired burned and unburned area that were simultaneously sampled for each round. 6. Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: Data were cleaned and analysis double checked through by both JB and DC. 7. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: The project would not have been possible without the support from H. Morales Uribe, Y. Metreaud, G. Reuter and M. Mackert, for their help in designing the custom-designed emergence traps. Many thanks to M. Vohs, S. Gedlinske, M. Shanahan, A. Waananen, L. Gedlinske, C. Dolph, M. Carr-Markel, Victor Ramírez-Juárez, A. Tona, C. Herron-Sweet, K. Friedrich, G. Pardee, R. Morris, L. Fulton, M. Dutta, D. Harder, T. Saba, E. Evans, I. Bur, and M. Goblirsch, for support building traps and/or supporting the fieldwork, to M. Marek-Spartz, M. Shanahan, V. Wauters, I. Lane, J. Beck, A. Brokaw, M. Spivak, E. Snell-Rood, D. Larkin for their input on analysis and manuscript revisions We also acknowledge the US Fish and Wildlife Service, The Nature Conservancy, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources who manage the sites where we conducted this study. ----------------------------------------- DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: masterfile.csv ----------------------------------------- 1. Number of variables/columns: 14 2. Number of cases/rows: 64 3. Missing data codes: Code/symbol: NA 4. Variable List A. Name: site Description: This is the name of the site where data were collected. It includes for unique site names, "miller", "prairie","hillman", and "devils_run". (factor). B. Name: round Description: This is the sample round of the data collected for each site. Each site has 8 sample rounds. Generally,the first sample rounds were in mid-late June and last sample rounds were in mid to late August. Specific start and end dates for each site and round can be found in the "full_emergencetrapping_beedata.csv" datafile. (factor). C. Name: treatment Description: Treatment denotes whether the data is from a burned area or an unburned area of each prairie site. Burned areas are "b" and unburned areas are "ub". (factor). D. Name: mean_bare Description: This is the average percent cover of bare ground taken underneath 12 traps at each site, round and treatment area. This includes open, bare soil and any exposed soil showing between the stems of plants. (numeric). E. Name: mean_veg Description: This is the average percent vegetative cover taken underneath 12 traps at each site, round and treatment area.(numeric). F. Name: mean_thatch Description: This is the average percent thatch taken underneath 12 traps at each site, round and treatment area. (numeric). G. Name: mean_rocks Description: This is the average percent of rocks taken underneath 12 traps at each site, round and treatment area. These included any small pebbles and large boulders. (numeric). H. Name: mean_litter Description: This is the average percent litter taken underneath 12 traps at each site, round and treatment area. This included leaves, sticks or non-thatch debris. (numeric). I. Name: mean_thatchdepth Description: This is the average thatch depth taken in the center underneath 12 traps at each site, round and treatment area. Measurements are in centimeters. (numeric). J. Name: sum.nests Description: This is the sum of active nests (nests being excavated in the summer of 2019, the year of the burn) of ground-nesting bees at each site, sample round and treatment. (numeric). K. Name: avg.no.flrs Description: This is the average number of flowers per site, round and treatment. There are missing values for "miller" in sample round 1 because no floral data was taken in round 1 for that site due to logisical issues accessing the site. (numeric). L. Name: sum.flr.sp Description: This is the number of unique blooming flower species per site, round and treatment. There are missing values for "miller" in sample round 1 because no floral data was taken in round 1 for that site due to logisical issues accessing the site. (numeric). M. Name: bee.ens Description: This is the Effective Number of Species (ENS) of actively nesting ground-nesting bees per site, round and treatment. It is calculated by taking the exponent of the shannon diversity for each site, round and treatment. (numeric). N. Name: flr.ens Description: This is the Effective Number of Species (ENS) of flowers per site, round and treatment. It is calculated by taking the exponent of the shannon diversity for each site, round and treatment. There are missing values for "miller" in sample round 1 because no floral data was taken in round 1 for that site due to logisical issues accessing the site. (numeric). ----------------------------------------- DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: bn2_nmds_m.csv ----------------------------------------- 1. Number of variables/columns: 3 2. Number of cases/rows: 8 3. Missing data codes: No missing data Code/symbol: 4. Variable List A. Name: site Description: This is the site where data were collected, it also includes the treatment information of whether it was the burned or unburned areas of a site. It includes for unique site names, "miller_b", "prairie_b","hillman_b", and "devils_run_b","miller_ub", "prairie_ub","hillman_ub", and "devils_run_ub". (factor). B. Name: trt Description:Treatment denotes whether the data is from a burned area or an unburned area of each prairie site. Burned areas are "b" and unburned areas are "ub". (factor). C. Name: pair Description: These are numbers 1-4 that denote which sites and burned or unburned areas are paired. For example, each burned and unburned area of each site gets the same number. (factor). ----------------------------------------- DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: flowermatrix1.csv ----------------------------------------- 1. Number of variables/columns: 69 2. Number of cases/rows: 8 3. Missing data codes: No missing data Code/symbol: 4. Variable List A. Name: Rows 1-69 represent individual flowering plant species observed at each site Description: These are the scientific names of each plant species observed at the site, and the total number of flowers per each site and treatment area. Any unknown plants were given codes based on their morphology and were consistent across sites. Plant list includes: "achillea_millefolium","allium_sp", "amorpha_canescens", "anemone_sp","apocynum_cannabinum", "asclepias_syriaca", "asclepias_verticillata", "astresalus_canidensis", "cirsium_arvense", "convulvus_arvensis", "convulvus_sp", "dalea_candida", "dalea_purpurea", "desmodium_canadense", "desmodium_paniculatum", "echinacea_sp", "galium_boreale", "helianthus_maximiliani", "helianthus_pauciflorus", "heliopsis_helianthoides", "heuchera_richardsonii", "hieracium_sp", "liatris_sp", "lilium_philadelphicum", "lobelia_spicata", "lotus_corniculatus", "medicago_lupulina", "medicago_sativa", "melilotus_alba", "melilotus_officinalis", "monarda_fistulosa", "oenothera_biennis", "oenothera_serrulata", "oenothera_sp", "oenothera_speciosa", "oxalis_sp", "oxalis_violacea", "pediomelum_argophyllum", "potentilla_sp", "pycnanthemum_virginianum", "ratibida_pinnata", "rosa_sp", "sisyrinchium_sp", "solidago_sp", "Stachys_hispida", "symphyotrichum_sp", "symphyotrichum_white", "tradescantia_sp", "trifolium_pratense", "unknown", "unknown_purple", "unknown_purple2", "unknown_purple3", "unknown_shrub", "unknown_shrub2", "unknown_shrub3", "unknown_white", "unknown1", "unknown2", "unknown3", "unknown4", "unknown5", "unknown6", "unknown7", "verbena_sp", "vicia_sp", "vicia_sp2", "zigadenus_elegans", "zizia_sp" B. Name: (Site/treatment) Description: This is entered into R as "row.names=1" so the column does not have name. The variables listed in the first row of the csv are the site/treatment information of which site was sampled and what area (treatment) of the prairie (burned or unburned) was sampled. It includes unique site names combined with treatment (burned "b" or unburned "ub"), "miller_b", "prairie_b","hillman_b", and "devils_run_b","miller_ub", "prairie_ub","hillman_ub", and "devils_run_ub". ----------------------------------------- DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: beematrix1.csv ----------------------------------------- 1. Number of variables/columns: 30 2. Number of cases/rows: 8 3. Missing data codes: No missing data Code/symbol: 4. Variable List A. Name: Rows 1-30 represent individual actively nesting ground-nesting bee species observed at each site Description: These are the scientific names of each actively nesting bee species observed at the site, and the total number of active nests per species at each site and treatment area. Bee species list includes: "Agapostemon.sericeus", "Agapostemon.virescens", Andrena.quintilis", "Andrena.rudbeckiae", "Andrena.simplex", "Andrena.vernalis", "Andrena.wilkella","Andrena.ziziae", "Augochlorella.aurata","Colletes.kincaidii", "Colletes.solidaginis", "Halictus.confusus", "Halictus.ligatus", "Halictus.rubicundus", "Lasioglossum.admirandum", "Lasioglossum.albipenne", "Lasioglossum.coriaceum", "Lasioglossum.ephialtum", "Lasioglossum.lineatulum", "Lasioglossum.n..sp..aff..paraforbesii", "Lasioglossum.paraforbesii", "Lasioglossum.perpunctatum", "Lasioglossum.pruinosum", "Lasioglossum.semicaeruleum", "Lasioglossum.tegulare", "Megachile.latimanus", "Melissodes.bimaculatus", "Melissodes.trinodis", "Nomia.universitatis", "Pseudopanurgus.albitarsis" B. Name: (Site/treatment) Description: This is entered into R as "row.names=1" so the column does not have name. The variables listed in the first row of the csv are the site/treatment information of which site was sampled and what area (treatment) of the prairie (burned or unburned) was sampled. It includes unique site names combined with treatment (burned "b" or unburned "ub"), "miller_b", "prairie_b","hillman_b", and "devils_run_b","miller_ub", "prairie_ub","hillman_ub", and "devils_run_ub". ----------------------------------------- DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: slopetable.csv ----------------------------------------- 1. Number of variables/columns: 3 2. Number of cases/rows: 2 3. Missing data codes: No missing data Code/symbol: 4. Variable List A. Name: trt Description: This is the column for whether the observations are from the burned ("b) or the unburned ("ub") area of each site. (factor). B. Name: fav Description: This is the number of observations of traps that were on sloped ground that were facing an aspect that is known to be favorable to bee nesting (all east, southeast, south, southeast slopes). (numeric). C. Name: unfav Description: This is the number of observations of traps that were on sloped ground that were facing an aspect that is not known to be favorable to bee nesting (all north, northeast, northwest, west). (numeric). ----------------------------------------- DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: full_emergencetrapping_beedata.csv ----------------------------------------- 1. Number of variables/columns: 29 2. Number of cases/rows: 507 3. Missing data codes: Code/symbol: NA 4. Variable List A. Name: specimenID Description: This is the unique number ID for the label for each specimen. B. Name: genus Description: The genera of each collected bee species. This includes 18 total genera (Agapostemon, Andrena, Augochlorella, Bombus, Calliopsis, Ceratina, Colletes, Eucera, Halictus, Hoplitis, Hylaeus, Lasioglossum, Megachile, Melissodes, Nomada, Nomia, Pseudopanurgus, Sphecodes) C. Name: subgenus Description: Where applicable, the subgenus of certain bee species. This includes Dialictus. D. Name: species Description: This is the bee species name and includes 47 different unique levels (admirandum, aestivalis, affinis, agilis, albata, albipenne, albitarsis, andreniformis, articulata, aurata, bimaculatus, confusus, coriaceum, ephialtum, forbesii, hitchensi, kincaidii, latimanus, ligatus, lineatulum, messilae grp, mikmaqi, nebraskensis, nubecula, paraforbesii, perpunctatum, pilsifrons, pruniosum, quintilis, renimaculatus, robertsonii, rubicundus, rudbeckiae, rufocintus, semicaeruleum, sericeus, simplex, simulans, solidaginis, sp, tegulare, trinodis, universitatis, vernalis, virescens, wilkella, ziziae). E. Name: genus_species Description: This column combines the genus and species for each specimen and includes 51 species (Agapostemon sericeus, Agapostemon virescens, Andrena nubecula, Andrena quintilis, Andrena rudbeckiae, Andrena simplex, Andrena vernalis, Andrena wilkella, Andrena ziziae, Augochlorella aurata, Bombus rufocintus, Calliopsis andreniformis, Calliopsis nebraskensis, Ceratina mikmaqi, Colletes kincaidii, Colletes robertsonii, Colletes solidaginis, Eucera albata, Halictus confusus, Halictus ligatus, Halictus rubicundus, Hoplitis pilsifrons, Hylaeus affinis, Hylaeus messilae grp, Lasioglossum admirandum,Lasioglossum albipenne, Lasioglossum coriaceum, Lasioglossum ephialtum, Lasioglossum hitchensi, Lasioglossum lineatulum, Lasioglossum n. sp. aff. paraforbesii, Lasioglossum paraforbesii, Lasioglossum perpunctatum, Lasioglossum pruinosum, Lasioglossum semicaeruleum, Lasioglossum sp, Lasioglossum tegulare, Megachile latimanus, Melissodes agilis, Melissodes bimaculatus, Melissodes sp, Melissodes trinodis, Nomada articulata, Nomada sp, Nomia universitatis, Pseudopanurgus aestivalis, Pseudopanurgus albitarsis, Pseudopanurgus renimaculatus, Pseudopanurgus simulans, Pseudopanurgus sp, Sphecodes sp) F. Name: sex Description: This is the sex of each specimen as either male (m) or female (f). G. Name: wing_wear Description: This is an observation of where the specimen had any wing wear based on the consensus by two observers (JB and ZP). "No" refers to no wing wear, "borderline" refers to wear that may be one small nick on the wings, "obvious" refers to wings that had many tatters from the bee flying and digging, "unknown" refers to wings that were missing or had soap, glue or other processing issues that prevented analysis of wings. H. Name: mand_wear Description: This is an observation of where the specimen had any mandible wear based on the consensus by two observers (JB and ZP). "No" refers to no mandible wear, "borderline" refers to wear that may be small scratches or dullness on the mandibles, "obvious" refers to mandibles that were worn down, "unknown" refers to mandibles that had soap, glue or other processing issues that prevented analysis. I. Name: hair_wear Description:This is an observation of where the specimen had any hair loss on the clypeus based on the consensus by two observers (JB and ZP). "No" refers to no hair wear, "borderline" refers to wear that may be slight wear, "obvious" refers to patches of hair loss, "unknown" refers to specimens that had soap, glue or other processing issues that prevented analysis or if the hair wear was too uncertain to make a judgement. J. Name: nest_activity Description: This description denotes if the bee specimen was actively nesting in the study period of summer 2019. It is broken into four categories: "active" refers to bees that were actively excavating nests in the 2019, "emerging" refers to bees that are coming out of nests made in a previous year, "incidental" refers to bees that were not part of making a nest (eg singleton males that do not return to nests or parasites), or unknown referring to specimens that was too difficult to tell if it was actively nesting or emerging. K. Name: wear_notes_jb Description: This are notes about the specimens that JB took as she processed each bee to determine if it was actively nesting or not. L. Name: trap_number Description: If multiple specimens were caught in a trap, it was given a number during processing. All bees with the same trap number were caught together in the same trap. If there was only one bee in a trap, it was given NA. M. Name: nest_or_not Description: This variable describes if a bee (or group of bees in the case of social species) was a nest in the summer of 2019 (denoted with a "1"). Stem-nesting bees, males, parasitic bees, emerging bees, or bees that were unable to confidently tell if they were nesting were given a "0". See Portman et al. (in prep) for a full description of the process for determining active nests. N. Name: round Description: This is the sample round of the data collected for each site. Each site has 8 sample rounds. Generally, the first sample rounds were in mid-late June and last sample rounds were in mid to late August. O. Name: day1 Description: For each sample round, this is the day of the month that the sample round started. P. Name: mon1 Description: For each sample round, this is the month from the date the sample round started ("Jun" means June, "Jul" means July, "Aug" means August). Q. Name: year1 Description: This is the year that sampling took place (all 2019). R. Name: day2 Description: For each sample round, this is the day sampling ended for that round. S. Name: mon2 Description: For each sample round, this is the month that sampling ended for that round. T. Name: year2 Description: This is the year that sampling took place (all 2019). U. Name: site Description:This is the name of the site where data were collected. It includes for unique site names, "miller", "prairie","hillman", and "devils_run". V. Name: lat Description: This refers to the latitude from a central point of the collection area for each site and treatment (burned or unburned area). W. Name: lon Description: This refers to the latitude from a central point of the collection area for each site and treatment (burned or unburned area). X. Name: country Description: This refers to the country where the data/specimens were collected (all USA (United States of America)). Y. Name: state Description: This is the state were the data/specimens were collected (all MN which refers to Minnesota). Z. Name: county Description: This the county where the data/specimens were collected (Murray, Lyon, and Big Stone) AA. Name: transect Description: This refers to a transect number where the traps were set up in each site. For every site, sample round and treatment area, traps were placed in 3 transects in each treatment area (with the exception of one site and sample round where the topography of the site required a fourth transect). AB. Name: trt Description: This is the column for whether the specimens were collected from the burned ("b) or the unburned ("ub") area of each site. Four specimens were missing treatment labels and are blank. AC. Name: notes Description: These are notes from processing and identifying the specimens.