This readme.txt file was generated on 2023-05-12 by Recommended citation for the data: Ramirez, Ismael E; Yar, Joselyn; Sinclair, Bradley J; Torres, Ana K; Causton, Charlotte E; Heimpel, George E. (2023). Data set for the publication 'Invasive fly species displaces natives in Galapagos with implications for biological control risk assessment'. Retrieved from the Data Repository for the University of Minnesota. https://doi.org/10.13020/3S96-FJ14. ------------------- GENERAL INFORMATION ------------------- 1. Title of Dataset: Data set for the publication 'Invasive fly species displaces natives in Galapagos with implications for biological control risk assessment' 2. Author Information Author Contact: Ismael E Ramirez (ramir238@umn.edu) Name: Ismael E Ramirez Institution: University of Minnesota Email: ramir238@umn.edu ORCID: Name: Joselyn Yar Institution: Email: ORCID: Name: Bradley J Sinclair Institution: Email: ORCID: Name: Ana K Torres Institution: Email: ORCID: Name: Charlotte E Causton Institution: Email: ORCID: Name: George E Heimpel Institution: University of Minnesota Email: ORCID: 3. Date published or finalized for release: 2023-05-10 4. Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date): 2021-07-01 to 2022-04-30 5. Geographic location of data collection (where was data collected?): The Research was conducted in Santa Cruz Island in the Galapagos. 6. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: NA 7. Overview of the data (abstract): The composition and interactions of carrion flies in the Galapagos Islands is poorly understood, especially when focusing on competition between introduced and endemic fly species. We aimed to assess such composition and interactions by deploying carrion bait traps during the cool and hot seasons, and an experimental approach in a controlled setting was used to investigate interspecific competition among them. Of the eight fly species found in our baited traps, all were introduced except for the endemic sarcophagid, Sarothromyiops dasycnemis (Thomson), and a number of endemic species expected to be encountered were not found. The introduced sarcophagid, Peckia chrysostoma (Wiedemann) was the most abundant fly species found overall, comprising over half of the collected specimens. Most fly species exhibited some level of habitat preference. We conducted a laboratory experiment on resource competition between P. chrysostoma and a subset of the fly species encountered in the baiting study. The results demonstrated that P. chrysostoma is a strong competitor against other carrion fly species in the Galapagos necrobiome, including the endemic S. dasycnemis. A comparison of our data to historical records of fly abundance in Galapagos, combined with the results of our laboratory study, leads to the conclusion that introduced carrion fly species such as P. chrysostoma represent a threat to endemic carrion fly species, such as S. dasycnemis. Three parasitoid species were reared from the puparia collected, two that attacked fly larvae (Brachymeria podagrica and Aphaereta sp.) and one that attacked puparia (Exoristobia sp.). We discuss our results in light of the possibility of the purposeful introduction of a hymenopteran parasitoid as a biological control agent against the avian vampire fly (Philornis downsi Dodge & Aitken) in Galapagos. -------------------------- SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION -------------------------- 1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/) 2. Links to publications that cite or use the data: Forthcoming. 3. Was data derived from another source? No If yes, list source(s): 4. Terms of Use: Data Repository for the U of Minnesota (DRUM) By using these files, users agree to the Terms of Use. https://conservancy.umn.edu/pages/drum/policies/#terms-of-use --------------------- DATA & FILE OVERVIEW --------------------- File List: Fly displacement Dataset- Galapagos 2022 (DRUM).xlsx -------------------------- METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION -------------------------- 1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: The study was conducted on Santa Cruz Island in the Galapagos, covering four distinct areas during different seasons. Sampling took place from June to November 2021 (cool season) and from February to April 2022 (hot season) in the littoral, arid, Scalesia, and Miconia zones. Various carrion substrates were used as bait for fly collection, including raw beef, fish, chicken meat, and broken chicken eggs. The substrates were deployed in cylindrical containers protected from scavengers and rain. After 72 hours, the containers were collected and placed in mesh cages for larval development. Puparia were then collected and used for other experiments and colony growth. The study focused on five fly species: P. chrysostoma, Peckia lambens, S. dasycnemis, Lucilia eximia, and Hydrotaea aenescens. A competition experiment was conducted to assess whether the larvae of P. chrysostoma would outcompete larvae of other fly species. The experiment involved transferring first-instar larvae of different species to petri dishes containing ground beef and observing pupation. In summary, the research focused on fly collection and rearing in various areas of Santa Cruz Island using different carrion substrates as bait. It aimed to study the abundance and competition of different fly species, along with their interaction with parasitoids, to gain insights into the island's necrobiome. 2. Methods for processing the data: Statistical analyses were performed using R-Studio, including one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey tests to determine bait preferences. Species accumulation curves were generated to assess the different seasons and baits. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to detect the effects of the abundance of introduced flies and parasitoids on the endemic S. dasycnemis in the field sampling study. 3. Instrument- or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: R-studio 4. Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: NA 5. Environmental/experimental conditions: Local environmental conditions. 6. Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: NA 7. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: All Authors ----------------------------------------- DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: [FILENAME] ----------------------------------------- 1. Number of variables: 12 2. Number of cases/rows: 3477 3. Missing data codes: Code/symbol NA Definition Not Applicable 4. Variable List Name: Season Description: Describes the season in Galapagos - Dry and wet Name: Location Description:Location where the surveys took place - Local names in Galapagos Name: Latitude Description: coordinates Name: Longitude Description: coordinates Name: Code Description: Arbitrary code that was used to number the survey replicates Name: Overal rep Description: Coding of the replicates to use for statistical analyses Name: Bait Description: Type of Bait used to attract a necrophagous insects Name: Month Description: Month of the year when the baits were deployed Name: Parasitoid (Binary) Description: Indicates if a parasitoid emerged from a pupae 1- yes, 0- no Name: Parasitoid Species Description:Species of the parasitoid that emerged, NA - Not appicable Name: Fly Species Description: Fly species that emerged Name: Notes Description: Notes for any observational information