-------------------------------------------------- COLLECTION LEVEL README FILE --------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- GENERAL_INFORMATION ------------------------------------- 1. DATASET_TITLE: Tvarožná X Lithic Assemblage 3D files 2. AUTHORS: Name: Gilbert Tostevin Institution: University of Minnesota Email:toste003@umn.edu Name: Petr Škrdla Institution: Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Email:ps8a@seznam.cz Name: Gilliane Monnier Institution: University of Minnesota Email:monni003@umn.edu Name: Kristina Golubiewski-Davis Institution: University of Santa Cruz, CA Email: kristy.gd@ucsc.edu Name: Samantha Thi Porter Institution: University of Minnesota Email: stporter@umn.edu 3. PROJECT_DATES: Excavation Years: 2008 & 2015 Scanning Timeframe: January / February 2016 Processing Timeframe: March 2016 - March 2019 4. GEOGRAPHIC_LOCATION: Tvarožná X, Czech Republic 5. FUNDING_SOURCES: NSF Grant Number: BCS-1354095 "Excavations at Tvarožná-Za skolou" -------------------------------------------------- SHARING/ACCESS_INFORMATION -------------------------------------------------- 1. LICENSES/RESTRICTIONS: These models are licensed for non-commercial use under the condition that the original creators are credited as indicated in this ReadMe file. 2. RECCOMENDED_CITATION: Tostevin, Gilbert, Gilliane Monnier, Petr Škrdla, Kristina Golubiewski-Davis, and Samantha Thi Porter (2018). "[Square ID]"{optional}.[i]Tvarožná X Lithic Assemblage 3D files[/i]. Minneapolis: Data Repository for the University of Minnesota (DRUM)[a]. [date accessed]. url: https://doi.org/10.13020/hmrj-a558. ------------------------ FILE_OVERVIEW ------------------------ 1. NUMBER_OF_ARTIFACTS: 187 2. 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VARIABLES FOR TvaroznaX_3D_Metadata.csv A. Square ID: The unique identifier for each stone tool based on its find location within the site. B. Site: The archaeological site the stone tool was excavated at. C. Year Excavated: The year of excavation at the site. D. Raw Material: The makeup of the stone from which the artifact was formed. E. Artifact Class: The type of lithic artifact and whether that artifact is complete for fragmented. F. Refit: The Square ID identification of another artifact within the assemblage that is part of the same production sequence refit (e.g. the dorsal surface of one artifact refits with the ventral surface of another). G. Conjoin: The Square ID identification of another fragment in the collection that is associated with the artifact through a "break refit" which combines two parts of the same broken artifact, whether it was accidentally or intentionally broken, that join other surfaces than the dorsal or ventral. H. File List: The list of files in the dataset that are specific to this unique artifact. I. Model Units: The unit measurement that the 3D model is based off of. If you are viewing the artifact in a 3D viewer that has the ability to read real world units, this is the unit you will supply your program with so that it is rendered at the proper size. Please note that this is not the resolution of the object, just the number needed for proper scaling upon import into your 3D program of choice. J. # of Polygons: The number of polygons that the 3D model of the artifact is made up of. K. Avg Edge Length/Resolution: The average edge length between the points of the model. This acts as an effective resolution. L. Scanner: The scanner model used to collect the 3D data for the artifact. M. Scan Software: The software version used with the Scanner to collect the 3D data for the artifact. N. Calibration Plate Size: The size of the standard calibration plate to set the internal measurement system of the 3D scanner. O. Scanner Level of Detail: The advertised level of detail captured based on the calibration plate size. P. # of Cameras: The number of cameras used with the scanner to capture the 3D data. Q. # of Raw Scans: The total number of individual 3D scans taken of the artifact. R. # of Scan Orientations: The number of orientations that the artifact was placed on the the turntable. For example, a cylinder scanned with 2 orientations would be taken with 1 series of scans on 1 of the flat ends and a second series of scans with the cylinder on the other flat end. S. Scan Notes: Notes taken during the scanning process about conditions which may have affected the scan quality. T. Data Editing Software: The software packages used to align, edit, merge, and clean the scan data. U. Pre-Merge Data Editing Processes: Specific processes related to aligning, editing, and cleaning the data prior to the point where the individual scans were merged into a single object file. Definitions for these processes can be found in this readme file below. V. Post-Merge Data Editing Processes: Specific processes related to cleaning the data after the point where the individual scans were merged into a single object file. Definitions for these processes can be found in this readme file below. ----------------------------- DATA_COLLECTION ----------------------------- 1. SCANNER: David SLS 2 2. SCAN_SOFTWARE: David 4 3. CALIBRATION_PLATE_SIZE: 30mm Plate 4. SCANNER_LEVEL_OF_DETAIL: .05 mm 5. NUMBER_OF_CAMERAS: 1 6. MODEL_UNITS: 1 unit = 1m ---------------------------------------------------- METHODOLOGICAL_INFORMATION ---------------------------------------------------- 1. SCANNING_PROTOCOL: The artifact was scanned on a David SLS 2 scanner using the 30mm calibration plate and the David automatic turntable. The object was lit using the room lighting. The artifact was placed vertically and flipped for 2 perspectives unless otherwise stated in the metadata file. For each perspective, the artifact was automatically turned every 20 degrees 18 times for a complete 360 degrees and scanned at each angle. If needed to capture the edge, the flake was manually turned so that the camera viewed the edge directly. A scan was taken and the edge was turned a maximum of 5 degrees twice in either direction to capture a total of 5 scans per edge. 2. BASIC_DATA_PROCESSING_PROTOCOL: Initial alignment of the scans was completed in David 4 software using the automatic align feature. Additional cleanup, global alignment, and hard to align scans were completed in Geomagic Design X. Specific processes used during this phase are noted in the Pre-Merge Data Editing Processes column of the file TvaroznaX_3D_metadata.CSV. The photo textures were processed using Lightroom 5.5 and Photoshop CS6 to better approximate the original texture. This processing included using auto tone and auto balance to brighten the image, removing the background, and re-filling the background with a color based on the midrange color of the artifact. The final merge was completed in HP 3D Scan Pro (formly David 5). Scans were set to merge with an estimated vertex spacing of .075 mm or less. The merged result was exported as an OBJ, and imported into Geomagic Design X. Next, scans texture was converted to vertex color. The scans were centered around the origin, and oriented based on standard conventions for lithic analysis. The mesh was copied, and manual editing operations were performed as noted in the Post-Merge Data Editing Processes column of the metadata sheet. If Meshmixer was used, the scan was exported from Geomagic, the required operation were performed, then the new mesh was reimported. A global remesh operation was run with the target average edge length set to .075 mm. Next, the healing wizard operation was run to mitigate mesh defects. Color information was copied from the original mesh imported into Geomagic. The mesh was then exported from Geomagic as an ASCII PLY file. 4. SOFTWARE_INFORMATION: Both the David 4 software and Geomagic Design X went through several updates throughout 2016. At the time of creation for this readme file, the current version for each program is: Geomagic Design X (2016.2.2 Build Number: 82) HP 3D Scan Pro (5.5.0.1659, “0928ebb0”) Adobe Lightroom Classic (8.2.1) Adobe Photoshop CC (2017.1.1 - 20170425.r.252 x64) Autodesk Meshmixer (3.3.35) 3. ADDITIONAL_DATA_MANIPULATION_DESCRIPTIONS: Complete mesh removal: One or more complete individual scans were removed from the set due to bad scan data. Edge deletion: Edges of the scan were selected and the data closest to the edge was deleted. Edge duplication: In instances where particular scans of the artifact edge captured better data, the artifact edge data was selected and duplicated within Geomagic. This strengthened the weight of that data during the merge phase. None Recorded: There are no additional editing steps recorded. Original edge reintroduced: In some cases, the process of removing the edges of the overall mesh data diminished the data for the artifact edge. In these cases, the original scan data for the artifact edge was reintroduced. Partial mesh removal: Part, but not all, of an individual scan was removed due to bad or noisy data. Picked point alignment: The Geomagic “picked point” alignment feature was used to align sets of scans. In this process, a minimum of 3 points are manually chosen across 2 sets of data, and then the program uses those to align the sets of data together. Texture errors removed: Noisy data due to differences in the texture color were hand selected and deleted from individual meshes. Labels: Writing on the objects, often done in black ink. These areas are often not captured during scanning, resulting in holes and mesh defects. Seams: A visible line resulting from the fusion of multiple scans. These are common around artifact edges, and areas where scan were cropped (e.g. around putty used to stand artifacts upright). Mesh defects: Areas where the mesh that have folded / crossing polyfaces or internal geometry. Defeatured (Geomagic Design X): A brush tool is used to select faces. These faces are deleted, and the resulting hole is filled in by the software. Smoothed (Meshmixer): A volumetric sculpting brush (RobustSmooth) is used to even out the surface of the scan. Flattened (Meshmixer): A volumetric sculpting brush (RobustSmooth) is used to flatten the surface of the scan. Holes filled (Geomagic Design X): This was done in cases where not all holes were closed during the scan fusion process in David 4 / HP 3D Scan Pro.